Afghanistan–Pakistan skirmishes

Afghanistan-Pakistan skirmishes
The Durand Line (in red) is recognised as the international border between Afghanistan and Pakistan
Date 1949 - present Location Afghanistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, along the International Border Status Ongoing
Belligerents
Afghanistan Afghan National Security Forces	Pakistan Pakistan Armed Forces
Commanders and leaders
Ashraf Ghani (President of Afghanistan) Hamid Karzai (Ex.President of Afghanistan) Bismillah Mohammadi (Defence Minister) Mohammad Daudzai (Interior Minister) Sher Karimi (Chief of Staff, ANA)	Mamnoon Hussain (President of Pakistan) Gen Parvez Musharaf (Former President of Pakistan) General Raheel Sharif (Chief of Army Staff) General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani (Former Chief of Army Staff) Lt. Gen Hidayat-ur-Rehman (XI Corps Commander) Admiral Muhammad Zakaullah (Chief of Naval Staff) Air Chief Marshal Tahir Rafique (Chief of Air Staff)
Units involved
Afghan National Security Forces Afghan National Army Afghan Air Force Afghan National Police	North-Western Command XI Corps Frontier Corps Western Air Command North Navy Command Paramilitary Command
Strength
Unknown	207,000

 Afghanistan

 Pakistan

Afghan National Security Forces

North-Western Command

The Afghanistan–Pakistan skirmishes are a series of ongoing armed skirmishes and firing exchange that have occurred since 1949 along the Durand Line between the Afghan National Security Forces and Pakistan Armed Forces. The latest hostilities began with the overthrow of Taliban government.

Hostilities existed between Afghanistan and the newborn Pakistan since 1947, when Afghanistan became the only country to vote against the admission of Pakistan to the United Nations. Afghanistan advocated the independence of Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to form Pashtunistan, although the region's predominant Pashtun population had voted overwhelmingly in favor of Pakistan in the referendum held in July 1947. 289,244 (99.02%) votes were cast in favor of Pakistan. Afghan nationalists pressed for an independent state to be called Pashtunistan but the idea became unpopular. The Balochistan province of Pakistan was also included in the Greater Pastunistan definition to gain access to the Arabian sea in case Pakistan failed as a state, as Afghanistan had expected.

The International border between British Raj and Afghanistan was established after the 1893 Durand Line Agreement between British Mortimer Durand of colonial British India and Amir Abdur Rahman Khan of Afghanistan for fixing the limit of their respective spheres of influence. The single-page agreement, which contains seven short articles, was signed by Durand and Khan, agreeing not to exercise political interference beyond the frontier line between Afghanistan and what was then the British Indian Empire. The Durand Line was reaffirmed as the International Border between Afghanistan and British Raj in the 1919 Anglo-Afghan War after the Afghan tactical defeat. The Afghans undertook to stop interference on the British side of the line in the subsequent Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 in Rawalpindi.

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Wikipedia