Adib al-Shishakli
| Adib Shishakli أديب الشيشكلي |
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| President of Syria (military rule) | |
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In office 11 July 1953 – 25 February 1954 |
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| Preceded by | Fawzi Selu (military rule) |
| Succeeded by | Hashim al-Atassi |
| Prime Minister of Syria | |
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In office 19 July 1953 – 1 March 1954 |
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| Preceded by | Fawzi Selu |
| Succeeded by | Sabri al-Assali |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1909 Hama, Syria |
| Died | 27 September 1964 (aged 55) Ceres, Brazil |
| Political party | Syrian Social Nationalist Party, Arab Liberation Movement |
| Spouse(s) | Fatina al-Fanari |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Adib Bin Hassan Al-Shishakli (Arabic: أديب بن حسن الشيشكلي, Turkish: Edip Çiçekli; (1909 - 27 September 1964) was a Syrian military leader and President of Syria (1953–54).
Adib Shishakli was Kurdish Syrian, born in the Hama region in 1909. His family lived in the Hama province of what was then Ottoman Syria. His family name, Shishakli, is a common Turkish surname derived from Turkish word "" which means flower and çiçekli (Shishakli) means someone or some place with flowers in Turkish. Alternative Latin transliterations from the Arabic are Chichakly, Chichakli and Jijakli.
Shishakli was commissioned as an officer in the French Syrian Army in 1930, during the mandate era. He studied at the Military Academy of Damascus (which later was relocated to Homs) and became an early member of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party (SSNP) of Antun Saadeh, promoting the concept of a Greater Syria. His brother Salah was also a prominent member of the SSNP. After independence, Shishakli fought in a volunteer Arab army, known as the Arab Liberation Army, in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
The Arab defeat in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War was a motivating factor for the military coup led by Husni al-Za'im, which took place in 1949. Only months after al-Za'im's takeover, which shattered Syria's weak parliamentary system, al-Za'im was overthrown by a group of officers connected to the SSNP, including Shishakli and Zaim's old comrade, Colonel Sami al-Hinnawi, who led the new military junta.
Za'im had previously delivered the SSNP leader Antun Saadeh to the Lebanese authorities, who had him tried and executed for wanting to destroy the modern state of Lebanon. Reportedly, after Za'im was killed, Shishakli ripped off Za'im's bloodstained shirt and took it to Saadeh's widow, who was still in Syria, telling her, "We have avenged his murder!".
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Wikipedia