Abu Ubaidah

Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah
Tomb of Abu Ubaidah in Balqa Governorate, Jordan
Governor of the Levant
Monarch	Umar Ibn al-Khattab
In office 634–639
Preceded by	None (Conquest of the Levant from the Byzantine Empire)
Succeeded by	Muawiyah I
Personal details
Born	583 Mecca, Arabia
Died	639 Jordan Valley, Jordan.
Military service
Nickname(s)	Abu Ubaidah, Amin al-Ummah (Custodian of Ummah)
Allegiance	Rashidun Caliphate.
Service/branch	Rashidun army
Years of service	634–639
Rank	Field Commander (632–634) Commander-in-chief (634–639)
Battles/wars	Muslim-Quraysh Wars Rashidun conquest of Levant

Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, fully Abū ‘Ubaydah ‘Āmir ibn ‘Abdillāh ibn al-Jarāḥ (Arabic: أبو عبيدة عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح‎‎; 583–639 CE), was one of companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He remained commander of a large section of the Rashidun Army during the time of the Rashid Caliph Umar and was on the list of Umar's appointed successors to the Caliphate.

Abu Ubaidah was born in the year 583 CE in the house of 'Abdullah ibn al-Jarrah, a merchant by profession. Abu Ubaidah belonged to the Qurayshi clan of Banu al-Harith ibn Fihr. Even before his conversion to Islam, he was considered to be one of the nobles of the Quraysh and was famous among the Quraysh of Mecca for his modesty and bravery.

By 611, Muhammad was preaching the oneness of God to the people of Mecca. He began by inviting his closest companions and relatives in private to the way of Islam. He embraced Islam just a day after Abu Bakr in the year 611.

Abu Ubaidah lived through the harsh experience that the Muslims went through in Mecca from beginning to end. With other early Muslims, he endured the insults and oppressions of the Quraysh. As the first migration to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) succeeded, this violence against the Muslims renewed itself with much conviction and became stronger in its force. Being the only person in his clan to have accepted Islam, Abu Ubaidah was foremost amongst them. Muhammad suggested that the remaining Muslims who were especially subject to the atrocities of the people of Mecca migrate as well. Consequently, Abu 'Ubaidah migrated to Abyssinia along with a delegation of 83 men and 20 women.