Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak

Abu'l al-Fazl ibn Mubarak
Born	14 January 1551 Agra, Mughal India, now Uttar Pradesh, India
Died	12 August 1602 (aged 51) Deccan
Occupation	Grand Vizier (1580–1602)
Notable work	Akbarnama, Ain-i-Akbari

Shaikh Abu al-Fazal ibn Mubarak (Persian: ابو الفضل‎‎) also known as Abu'l-Fazl, Abu'l Fadl and Abu'l-Fadl 'Allami (1551 – 12 August 1602) was the Grand vizier of the Mughal emperor Akbar, and author of the Akbarnama, the official history of Akbar's reign in three volumes, (the third volume is known as the Ain-i-Akbari) and a Persian translation of the Bible. He was also one of the Nine Jewels (Hindi: Navaratnas) of Akbar's royal court and the brother of Faizi, the poet laureate of emperor Akbar.

Abul Fazl ibn Mubarak ancestors hailed from Yemen. He was a descendant of Shaikh Musa who lived in Rel near Siwistan (Sehwan), Sindh, until the close of the 15th century. His grandfather, Shaikh Khizr, moved to Nagaur which had attained importance as a sufi mystic centre under Shaikh Hamid-ud-din Sufi Sawali, a khalifa of Shaikh Muin-ud-din Chisti of Ajmer. At Nagaur Shaikh Khizr settled near the tomb of Shaikh Hamid-ud-din.

Abul Fazl's father, Shaikh Mubarak Nagori, was born in 1506 at Nagaur. Soon after Fazl's birth, Khizr travelled to Sindh to bring other members of his family to Nagaur but he died on the way. Khizr's death and a famine and plague that ravaged Nagaur caused great hardship to the destitute Mubarak and his mother. Despite these hardships Mubarak's mother arranged a good education for him. One of Mubarak's earliest teacher was Shaikh Attan'who was known for his piety. Another important teacher who influenced Shaikh Mubarak was Shaikh Fayyazi, a disciple of Khwaja Ubaidullah Ahrar. Later he went to Ahmedabad and studied under Shaikh Abu'l Fazl Gazruni (who adopted him as a son), Shaikh Umar and Shaikh Yusuf.

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