Abram Ioffe
| Abram Ioffe | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Born | Abram Fedorovich (or Fyodorovich) Ioffe 29 October 1880 Romny, Russian Empire |
| Died | 14 October 1960 (aged 79) Leningrad, Soviet Union |
| Fields | Physics |
| Institutions | State Institute of Roentgenology and Radiology; Leningrad Physico-Technical Institute |
| Alma mater | Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology |
| Doctoral advisor | Wilhelm Roentgen |
| Doctoral students | Nikolay Semyonov |
Abram Fedorovich (or Fyodorovich) Ioffe (Russian: Абра́м Фёдорович Ио́ффе; 29 October [O.S. 17 October] 1880 – 14 October 1960) was a prominent Russian/Soviet physicist. He received the Stalin Prize (1942), the Lenin Prize (1960) (posthumously), and the Hero of Socialist Labor (1955). Ioffe was an expert in electromagnetism, radiology, crystals, high-impact physics, thermoelectricity and photoelectricity. He established research laboratories for radioactivity, superconductivity, and nuclear physics, many of which became independent institutes.
Ioffe was born into a middle-class Jewish family in small town of Romny, Russian Empire (now in Sumy region, Ukraine). After graduating from Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology in 1902, he spent two years as an assistant to Wilhelm Roentgen in his Munich laboratory. Ioffe completed his Ph.D. at Munich University in 1905.
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