Abd as-Salam Arif
| ‘Abd ul-Salam Arif Al-jumaily عبد السلام محمد عارف الجميلي |
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| President of Iraq | |
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In office 8 February 1963 – 13 April 1966 |
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| Prime Minister |
Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr Tahir Yahya Arif Abd ar-Razzaq Abd ar-Rahman al-Bazzaz |
| Preceded by | Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i |
| Succeeded by | Abdul Rahman Arif |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
21 March 1921 Baghdad, Mandatory Iraq |
| Died | 13 April 1966 (aged 45) Iraq |
| Nationality | Iraqi |
| Political party | Arab Socialist Union |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
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| Service/branch | Iraqi Army |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Battles/wars | 14 July Revolution |
‘Abd ul-Salam Mohammed ‘Arif Aljumaily (Arabic: عبد السلام محمد عارف الجميلي`Abd as-Salām `Ārif Al-jumaili) (21 March 1921 – 13 April 1966) was President of Iraq from 1963 until his death in 1966. He played a leading role in the 14 July Revolution, in which the Hashemite monarchy was overthrown on July 14, 1958.
Along with Abdel Karim Qasim and other Iraqi military officers, Arif was a member of the clandestine organisation, the Free Officers of Iraq. Like Qasim, Arif served with distinction in the otherwise unsuccessful 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict, where he captured Jenin in what is now the West Bank part of Palestine. During the summer of 1958, Prime Minister Nuri as-Sa'id ordered Iraqi troops under Arif to aid Jordan, as part of an agreement of the Arab Federation. Instead, however, he led his army units into Baghdad and on July 14 launched a coup against the Hashemite monarchy. Qasim formed a government under the newly proclaimed republic and Arif, his chief aide, was appointed deputy prime minister, interior minister, and deputy commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
Almost immediately however, tensions rose between the pan-Arabist Arif and Iraqi nationalist Qasim who also had the support of the Iraqi Communist Party. The former supported a union with the United Arab Republic (UAR)—composed of Egypt and Syria—under president Gamal Abdel Nasser, but the latter opposed merging with the UAR. As a result, the two leaders engaged in a power struggle, ending in Qasim prevailing and the removal of Arif from his positions on September 12. He was appointed the low-ranking post of ambassador to Bonn. Arif refused to take up the post and upon returning to Baghdad on November 4, he was promptly arrested for plotting against the state. He was sentenced to death along with Rashid Ali al-Gaylani in February 1959. Qasim had him released in November 1961.
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