*** Welcome to piglix ***

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model
Names
IUPAC name
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Other names
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid
para-Hydroxybenzoic acid
PHBA
4-hydroxybenzoate
Identifiers
99-96-7 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:30763 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL441343 YesY
ChemSpider 132 YesY
DrugBank DB04242 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.002.550
EC Number 202-804-9
KEGG C00156 YesY
PubChem 135
Properties
C7H6O3
Molar mass 138.121 g/mol
Appearance white crystalline
Odor odorless
Density 1.46 g/cm3
Melting point 214.5 °C (418.1 °F; 487.6 K)
Boiling point n/a
decomposes
0.5 g/100 mL
Solubility soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone
slightly soluble in chloroform
negligible in CS2
log P 1.58
Acidity (pKa) 4.54
Hazards
Main hazards Irritant
Safety data sheet HMDB
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g., chloroform Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
250 °C (482 °F; 523 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
 2200 mg/kg (oral, mouse)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, also known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), is a monohydroxybenzoic acid, a phenolic derivative of benzoic acid. It is a white crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water and chloroform but more soluble in polar organic solvents such as alcohols and acetone. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid is primarily known as the basis for the preparation of its esters, known as parabens, which are used as preservatives in cosmetics and some ophthalmic solutions. It is isomeric with 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, known as salicylic acid, a precursor to aspirin.

It is found in plants of the genus Vitex such as V. agnus-castus or V. negundo, and in Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort). It is also found in Spongiochloris spongiosa, a freshwater green alga.

The compound is also found in Ganoderma lucidum, a medicinal mushroom with the longest record of use.

Cryptanaerobacter phenolicus is a bacterium species that produces benzoate from phenol via 4-hydroxybenzoate.

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid can be found naturally in Cocos nucifera. It is one of the main catechins metabolites found in humans after consumption of green tea infusions. It is also found in wine, in vanilla, in Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) and in Phyllanthus acidus (Otaheite gooseberry).


...
Wikipedia

...