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3 (digit)

← 2 3 4 →
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Cardinal three
Ordinal 3rd
(third)
Numeral system ternary
Factorization prime
Divisors 1, 3
Greek numeral Γ´
Roman numeral III
Roman numeral (unicode) Ⅲ, ⅲ
Greek prefix
Latin prefix /
Binary 112
Ternary 103
Quaternary 34
Quinary 35
Senary 36
Octal 38
Duodecimal 312
Hexadecimal 316
Vigesimal 320
Base 36 336
Arabic & Kurdish ٣
Urdu ۳
Bengali
Chinese 三,弎,叁
Devanāgarī
Ge'ez
Greek γ (or Γ)
Hebrew ג
Japanese
Khmer
Korean 셋,삼
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Thai

3 (three; /ˈθr/) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the natural number following 2 and preceding 4.

Three is the largest number still written with as many lines as the number represents. (The Ancient Romans usually wrote 4 as IIII, but this was almost entirely replaced by the subtractive notation IV in the Middle Ages.) To this day 3 is written as three lines in Roman and Chinese numerals. This was the way the Brahmin Indians wrote it, and the Gupta made the three lines more curved. The Nagari started rotating the lines clockwise and ending each line with a slight downward stroke on the right. Eventually, they made these strokes connect with the lines below, and evolved it to a character that looks very much like a modern 3 with an extra stroke at the bottom as . It was the Western Ghubar Arabs who finally eliminated the extra stroke and created our modern 3. (The "extra" stroke, however, was very important to the Eastern Arabs, and they made it much larger, while rotating the strokes above to lie along a horizontal axis, and to this day Eastern Arabs write a 3 that looks like a mirrored 7 with ridges on its top line): ٣

While the shape of the 3 character has an ascender in most modern typefaces, in typefaces with text figures the character usually has a descender, as, for example, in Text figures 036.svg. In some French text-figure typefaces, though, it has an ascender instead of a descender.


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