2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff

2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff
Indian Codename: Operation Parakram

Date	13 December 2001 – 10 June 2002
Location	Kashmir, Indo-Pakistan border Coordinates: 34°56′N 76°46′E / 34.933°N 76.767°E / 34.933; 76.767
Result	Statu quo ante bellum, nuclear war descalated

Belligerents

India

Indian Army

Pakistan

Pakistan Army

Commanders and leaders

Atal Vajpayee
(Prime minister of India)

Kocheril Narayanan
(President of India)

Gen S. Padmanabhan
(Chief of Army Staff)

ACM S. Krishnaswamy
(Chief of Air Staff)

Adm Madhvendra Singh
(Chief of Naval Staff)

Gen Pervez Musharraf
(President of Pakistan)

Gen. Aziz Khan
(Chairman Joint Chiefs)

Gen. Yusaf Khan
(Chief of Army Staff)

ACM Mushaf Ali Mir
(Chief of Air Staff)

Adm Abdul Aziz Mirza
(Chief of Naval Staff)

Adm S. Karimullah
(Commander Marines)

Strength

500,000–700,000 soldiers

300,000–400,000 soldiers

Casualties and losses

789–1,874 non-combat deaths

Unknown

155,000 Indians and 45,000 Pakistanis displaced

India

Pakistan

The 2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff was a military standoff between India and Pakistan that resulted in the massing of troops on either side of the border and along the Line of Control (LoC) in the region of Kashmir. This was the second major military standoff between India and Pakistan following the successful detonation of nuclear devices by both countries in 1998 and the most recent standoff between the nuclear rivals. The other had been the Kargil War in 1999.

The military buildup was initiated by India responding to a terrorist attack on the Indian Parliament on 13 December 2001 (during which twelve people, including the five men who attacked the building, were killed) and the legislative Assembly on 1 October 2001. India claimed that the attacks were carried out by two Pakistan-based terror groups fighting Indian administered Kashmir, the Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammad, both of whom India has said are backed by Pakistan's ISI – a charge that Pakistan denied.

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