1992 Venezuelan coup d'état attempts

1992 Venezuelan coup d'état attempts
Top to bottom, left to right: MBR-200 troops taking cover. An APC which later attempted to breach Miraflores Palace. Government loyalist troops deploying to combat MBR-200. MBR-200 arrested following the coup attempt's failure.
Date 4–5 February 1992 and 27 November 1992 Location  Venezuela Result Both attempts failed to depose the Carlos Andrés Pérez-led government.
Government-Insurgents
Venezuelan government	MBR-200 Cuba (alleged) DGI
Commanders and leaders
Carlos Andrés Pérez General Fernando Ochoa Antich	Hugo Chávez Francisco Arias Cárdenas Luis Reyes Reyes
Political support
Dominant political consensus	Anti-government protesters
Military support
Armed Forces of Venezuela	Military rebels
Casualties and losses
143–300 killed and 95 injured.

External video

A compilation of videos showing the events of November 1992. (Spanish) on YouTube

Chávez's rebel Broncos bombing the Sucre Police Headquarters. on YouTube

MBR-200 Cuba (alleged)

The Venezuelan coup attempts of 1992 were attempts to seize control of the government of Venezuela by the Hugo Chávez-led Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200. The first coup attempt took place on February 4, 1992, and was led by Chávez. A second coup attempt on November 27, 1992, took place while Chávez was in prison but was directed by a group of young military officers who were loyal to the Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200. The coups were directed against President Carlos Andrés Pérez and occurred in a period marked by neo-liberal economic reforms, which were attempted in order to decrease the country's level of indebtedness and had caused major protests and labour unrest. Despite their failure to depose the government of Carlos Andrés, the February coup attempts brought Chávez into the national spotlight. Fighting during the coups resulted in the deaths of at least 143 people and perhaps as many as several hundred.

While officially unconfirmed, Cuban involvement in and facilitation of the coup attempts was alleged by multiple sources. CIA analyst Brian Latell suggested that the Cuban intelligence agency, the Dirección General de Inteligencia (DGI), may have utilized Chávez to fulfill Cuban strategic dominance of Venezuela and its oil reserves. In Latell's view, the DGI may have either hired Chávez as an agent or provided critical aid to his coup plots. Cuba had previously engaged in efforts to destabilize Venezuela by aiding guerrillas in the 1960s. According to General Carlos Julio Peñaloza in his book El Delfín de Fidel, both Fidel Castro and the succeeding President of Venezuela, Rafael Caldera, knew of Chávez's coup plot. Castro allegedly provided agents to convince President Pérez that there was no threat of a coup. After the coup, Caldera, manipulated by Castro and Chávez, was then supposed to take power after Pérez was removed from the presidency.

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Wikipedia