1962 India-China War

Sino-Indian War
The Sino-Indian War was fought between India and China
Date 20 October – 21 November 1962 (1 month and 1 day) Location Aksai Chin and North-East Frontier Agency Result Chinese victory
Belligerents
India	China
Commanders and leaders
Brij Mohan Kaul (Chief of General Staff of the Indian Army) Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (President of India) Jawaharlal Nehru (Prime Minister of India) V. K. Krishna Menon (Defence Minister of India) General Pran Nath Thapar (Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army)	Luo Ruiqing (chief of PLA staff) Zhang Guohua (field commander) Mao Zedong (Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China) Liu Bocheng (Marshal of PLA) Lin Biao (Vice Chairman of the Communist Party of China) Zhou Enlai (Premier of the People's Republic of China)
Strength
10,000–12,000	80,000
Casualties and losses
1,383—3,250 killed 548—1,047 wounded 1,696 missing 3,968 captured	722 killed 1,697 wounded

The Sino-Indian War (Hindi: भारत-चीन युद्ध Bhārat-Chīn Yuddh), also known as the Sino-Indian Border Conflict (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: Zhōng-Yìn Biānjìng Zhànzhēng), was a war between China and India that occurred in 1962. A disputed Himalayan border was the main pretext for war, but other issues played a role. There had been a series of violent border incidents after the 1959 Tibetan uprising, when India had granted asylum to the Dalai Lama. India initiated a Forward Policy in which it placed outposts along the border, including several north of the McMahon Line, the eastern portion of a Line of Actual Control proclaimed by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai in 1959.

Unable to reach political accommodation on disputed territory along the 3,225-kilometer-long Himalayan border, the Chinese launched simultaneous offensives in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line on 20 October 1962, coinciding with the Cuban Missile Crisis. Chinese troops advanced over Indian forces in both theatres, capturing Rezang la in Chushul in the western theatre, as well as Tawang in the eastern theatre. The war ended when the Chinese declared a ceasefire on 20 November 1962, and simultaneously announced its withdrawal from the disputed area.

The Sino-Indian War is notable for the harsh mountain conditions under which much of the fighting took place, entailing large-scale combat at altitudes of over 4,000 metres (14,000 feet). The Sino-Indian War was also noted for the non-deployment of the navy or air force by either the Chinese or Indian side.

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