The 1958–59 European Cup was the inaugural edition of the premier European women's basketball competition for clubs. Nine teams took part in the competition, representing Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France, East Germany, West Germany, Poland, Romania, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia.
It was the first of three editions won by Bulgarian teams, as Slavia Sofia defeated Dynamo Moscow in a two-legged final to bring the first ever European Cup to the Balkans.