1947 Indo-Pakistani War

Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 بھارت پاکستان جنگ١٩۴۷-١٩۴۸ भारत-पाकिस्तान युद्ध १९४७-१९४८
Part of the Indo-Pakistani Wars
Indian soldiers during the 1947–1948 war.
Date 22 October 1947 – 1 January 1949 (1 year, 2 months, 1 week and 3 days) Location Kashmir Result Ceasefire agreement Princely state of Jammu and Kashmir acceded to India UN Ceasefire Line of 1949 (later becomes Line of Control after the Simla Agreement of 1972) Territorial changes Pakistan controls roughly a third of Kashmir (Azad Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan), whereas India controls the rest (Kashmir valley, Jammu and Ladakh).
Belligerents
Dominion of India Jammu and Kashmir	Dominion of Pakistan Azad Kashmir irregular forces Indian National Army (retired officers) Muslim League National Guard Tribal militias Kurram Militia Frontier Scouts Swat Army Furqan Force Gilgit Scouts
Commanders and leaders
Gov. Gen. Lord Mountbatten PM Jawaharlal Nehru Gen. Rob Lockhart Gen. Roy Bucher Air Marshal Thomas Elmhirst Lt. Gen. Dudley Russell Lt.Gen. K. M. Cariappa Lt.Gen. S. M. Shrinagesh Maj.Gen. K. S. Thimayya Maj.Gen. Kalwant Singh Maharaja Hari Singh PM Mehr Chand Mahajan Interim Head Sheikh Abdullah Brig. Rajinder Singh Lt. Col.	Gov. Gen. Mohammad Ali Jinnah PM Liaquat Ali Khan Gen. Frank Messervy Gen. Douglas Gracey Col. Akbar Khan Col. Sher Khan Maj. Khurshid Anwar Maj. Gen. Zaman Kiani Sardar Ibrahim Mirza Mahmood Ahmad Major William Brown Major Mohammad Aslam
Casualties and losses
Total - 5,000 1,500 killed 3,500 wounded	Total ~20,000 6,000 killed ~14,000 wounded
Conflict started when Pashtun tribal forces, and later Indian and Pakistani Army regulars, entered the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu.

Ceasefire agreement

Dominion of India

Dominion of Pakistan

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948, sometimes known as the First Kashmir War, was fought between India and Pakistan over the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu from 1947 to 1948. It was the first of four Indo-Pakistan Wars fought between the two newly independent nations. Pakistan precipitated the war a few weeks after independence by launching tribal lashkar (militia) from Waziristan, in an effort to secure Kashmir, the future of which hung in the balance. The inconclusive result of the war still affects the geopolitics of both countries.

The Maharaja faced an uprising by his Muslim subjects in Poonch, and lost control of the western districts of his kingdom. On 22 October 1947, Pakistan's Pashtun tribal militias crossed the border of the state. These local tribal militias and irregular Pakistani forces moved to take Srinagar, but on reaching Baramulla, they took to plunder and stalled. Hari Singh made a plea to India for assistance, and help was offered, but it was subject to his signing an Instrument of Accession to India.

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