1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts

1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts
Date 1935–1936 Location Kingdom of Iraq Result Revolts suppressed
Belligerents
Kingdom of Iraq	Iraqi Shia tribesmen Ikha Party
Commanders and leaders
Ali Jawdat Bakr Sidqi Yasin al-Hashimi	Khashif al-Ghita Abd al-Walid al-Hajj Sikkar
Casualties and losses
90 killed, 2 aircraft downed (1936)	Hundreds of tribesmen killed (1935) Scores hanged (1936)
Total: around 500 killed

Iraqi Shia tribesmen

Ali Jawdat
Bakr Sidqi

Khashif al-Ghita

1935 Rumaytha and Diwaniyya revolt or the 1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts consisted of a series of Shia tribal uprisings in the mid-Euphrates region against the Sunni dominated authority of the Kingdom of Iraq. In each revolt, the response of the Iraqi government was to use military force to crush the rebellions with little mercy. The administrative task of this forceful disciplining of the Shi'a tribes fell to General Bakr Sidqi – the same man responsible for the brutal massacre of Assyrians in 1933. Parallel revolts, opposing conscription, also broke out that year in northern Iraq (Kurdish populated) and Jabal Sinjar (mostly Yazidi populated) regions.

The Shia tribes of the mid-Euphrates region (as well as the Kurds in the North Iraq) saw themselves increasingly under-represented in the Sunni-dominated Iraqi government, which further detereorated with the exclusion of key Shia sheikhs from the Iraqi parliament in 1934 elections. As a result, unrest broke out in the mid-Euphrates in January 1935. Following unsuccessful attempts by Shia leaders to achieve relief of certain grievances in return for reconciliation, the rebellion spread to the region of Diwaniyya, led by two powerful sheikhs. The rebellion, however, was pacified within a single week, as internal Iraqi politics allowed the resignation of the Iraqi government.

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