1929 Grand Banks earthquake
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| Date | November 18, 1929 |
|---|---|
| Origin time | 20:32 UTC |
| Magnitude | 7.2 Mw |
| Depth | 20 km (12 mi) |
| Epicenter | 44°32′N 56°01′W / 44.54°N 56.01°W |
| Areas affected | Newfoundland Canada Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
| Total damage | $400,000 |
| Max. intensity |
(VI Strong tremor) (VIII Severe)(Natural Resources Canada 1929 earthquake revised) |
| Tsunami | Yes |
| Aftershocks | ~3 |
| Casualties | 27 or 28 killed |
The 1929 Grand Banks earthquake (also called the Laurentian Slope earthquake and the South Shore Disaster) occurred on November 18. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.2 and a maximum Rossi–Forel intensity of VI (Strong tremor) and was centered in the Atlantic Ocean off the south coast of Newfoundland in the Laurentian Slope Seismic Zone.
The earthquake was centred on the edge of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, about 400 kilometres (250 mi) south of the island. It was felt as far away as New York City and Montreal. The quake, along two faults 250 kilometres (160 mi) south of the Burin Peninsula, triggered a large submarine landslide displacing (200 km3 or 48 cu mi). It snapped 12 submarine transatlantic telegraph cables and led to a tsunami that arrived in three waves. Newfoundland, Canada and Saint Pierre and Miquelon had the largest impact, both from the snapped 12 submarine cables, and the tsunami. This was Canada's largest submarine landslide ever recorded, up to 500 times the size of 1894 Saint-Alban subaerial slide.
In 2002 Natural Resources Canada and the United States Geological Survey, created an intensity map by using the Revised Modified Mercalli scale
The tsunami waves had an amplitude of 3–8 metres (9.8–26.2 ft), and a runup of 13 metres (43 ft) along the Burin Peninsula. It destroyed many south coastal communities on the Peninsula, killing 27 or 28 people and leaving 1,000 or more homeless. All means of communication were cut off by the destruction, and relief efforts were further hampered by a blizzard that struck the day after. It was recorded as far away as Lagos, Portugal 4,060 km (2,520 mi), 06:47 after the earthquake.It took 02:23 hrs to strike Burin, Newfoundland 340 km (210 mi) from the epicenter and, only 02:00 hrs; to be observed in Bermuda 1,445 km (898 mi). This was Canada's largest submarine landslide ever recorded, up to 500 times the size of 1894 Saint-Alban landslide.
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