18-Star Flag

Republic of China

Name	Blue Sky, White Sun, and a Wholly Red Earth
Use	Civil and state flag, national ensign
Proportion	2:3
Adopted	June 30, 1924; 92 years ago (1924-06-30)
Design	A red field with a navy blue canton bearing a white sun with 12 triangular rays.
Designed by	Lu Haodong and Sun Yat-sen
Presidential standard flag
Use	Presidential Standard
Proportion	2:3
Flag of the Republic of China Army
Use	War flag
Proportion	2:3
Adopted	1928
Naval Jack of the Republic of China Navy and the Kuomintang (KMT).
Use	Naval flag, Other
Proportion	2:3
Adopted	1895
Designed by	Lu Haodong
Flag from 1912 to 1928.
Name	Five-coloured flag (五色旗)
Use	Civil and state flag
Proportion	5:8
Adopted	January 10, 1912
Design	Five horizontal bands of red, yellow, blue, white and black.

The flag of the Republic of China is red with a navy blue canton bearing a white sun with twelve triangular rays. In Chinese, the flag is commonly described as Blue Sky, White Sun, and a Wholly Red Earth to reflect its attributes.

It was first used in mainland China by the Kuomintang (KMT, the Chinese Nationalist Party) in 1917 and was made the official flag of the Republic of China (ROC) in 1928. It was enshrined in the sixth article of the Constitution of the Republic of China when it was promulgated in 1947.

As the islands of Taiwan and Penghu had been under Japanese rule since 1895, the flag began use in Taiwan only after the 1945 handover. The flag is now mostly used within Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other outlying islands where the ROC relocated in 1949 after its defeat in the Chinese Civil War. The Republic of China is often referred to as Taiwan since losing its United Nations seat in 1971.

The canton (upper corner on the hoist side) originated from the "Blue Sky with a White Sun flag" (; qīngtiān báirì qí) designed by Lu Haodong, a martyr of the Republican revolution. He presented his design to represent the revolutionary army at the inauguration of the Society for Regenerating China, an anti-Qing society in Hong Kong, on February 21, 1895. This design was later adopted as the KMT party flag and the Coat of Arms of the Republic of China. The "red Earth" portion was added by Sun Yat-sen in winter of 1906, bringing the flag to its modern form. According to George Yeo, the Foreign Minister of Singapore, in those days the Blue Sky with a White Sun flag was sewn in the Sun Yat Sen Villa or Wan Qing Yuan in Singapore by Teo Eng Hock and his wife.