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1,2-dichloroethane

1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Names
IUPAC name
1,2-Dichloroethane
Other names
Ethylene dichloride
DCE
DCA
Ethane dichloride
Dutch liquid, Dutch oil
Freon 150
Identifiers
3D model (Jmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.145
KEGG
PubChem CID
RTECS number KI0525000
UNII
Properties
C2H4Cl2
Molar mass 98.95 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor characteristic, pleasant chloroform-like odor
Density 1.253 g/cm3, liquid
Melting point −35 °C (−31 °F; 238 K)
Boiling point 84 °C (183 °F; 357 K)
0.87 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Viscosity 0.84 mPa·s at 20 °C
Structure
1.80 D
Hazards
Main hazards Toxic, flammable, carcinogenic
Safety data sheet See: data page
R-phrases R11 R45 R36/37/38
S-phrases S45 S53
NFPA 704
Flammability code 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g., gasoline) Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point 13 °C (55 °F; 286 K)
Explosive limits 6.2%-16%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
3000 ppm (guinea pig, 7 hr)
1000 ppm (rat, 7 hr)
1217 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
1000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
3000 ppm (rabbit, 7 hr)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 50 ppm C 100 ppm 200 ppm [5-minute maximum peak in any 3 hours]
REL (Recommended)
Ca TWA 1 ppm (4 mg/m3) ST 2 ppm (8 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)
Ca [50 ppm]
Related compounds
Related haloalkanes
Methyl chloride
Methylene chloride
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Related compounds
Ethylene
Chlorine
Vinyl chloride
Supplementary data page
Refractive index (n),
Dielectric constantr), etc.
Thermodynamic
data
Phase behaviour
solid–liquid–gas
UV, IR, NMR, MS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

The chemical compound 1,2-dichloroethane commonly known as ethylene dichloride (EDC), is a chlorinated hydrocarbon. It is a colourless liquid with a chloroform-like odour. The most common use of 1,2-dichloroethane is in the production of vinyl chloride, which is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes, furniture and automobile upholstery, wall coverings, housewares, and automobile parts.1,2-Dichloroethane is also used generally as an intermediate for other organic chemical compounds and as a solvent. It forms azeotropes with many other solvents, including water (b.p. 70.5 °C) and other chlorocarbons.

In 1794, physician Jan Rudolph Deiman, merchant Adriaan Paets van Troostwijk, chemist Anthoni Lauwerenburg, and botanist Nicolaas Bondt, under the name of Gezelschap der Hollandsche Scheikundigen (Dutch: Society of Dutch Chemists), were the first to produce 1,2-dichloroethane from olefiant gas (oil-making gas, ethylene) and chlorine gas. Although the Gezelschap in practice did not do much in-depth scientific research, they and their publications were highly regarded. Part of that acknowledgement is that 1,2-dichloroethane was called "Dutch oil" in old chemistry.

Nearly 20 million tons of 1,2-dichloroethane are produced in the United States, Western Europe, and Japan. Production is primarily achieved through the iron(III) chloride-catalysed reaction of ethene (ethylene) and chlorine.

1,2-dichloroethane is also generated by the copper(II) chloride-catalysed oxychlorination of ethylene:


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