Český Krumlov
| Český Krumlov | |||
| Crumlaw | |||
| Town | |||
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| Country | Czech Republic | ||
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| Region | South Bohemian | ||
| District | Český Krumlov | ||
| Commune | Český Krumlov | ||
| River | Vltava | ||
| Elevation | 492 m (1,614 ft) | ||
| Coordinates | 48°49′N 14°19′E / 48.817°N 14.317°ECoordinates: 48°49′N 14°19′E / 48.817°N 14.317°E | ||
| Area | 22.16 km2 (8.56 sq mi) | ||
| Population | 14,056 (2007-09-24) | ||
| Density | 634/km2 (1,642/sq mi) | ||
| First mentioned | 1253 | ||
| Mayor | Dalibor Carda | ||
| Timezone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | 381 01 | ||
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |||
| Name | Historic Centre of Český Krumlov | ||
| Year | 1992 (#16) | ||
| Number | 617 | ||
| Region | Europe and North America | ||
| Criteria | iv | ||
   Location in the Czech Republic
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| Statistics: statnisprava.cz | |||
| Website: www.ckrumlov.info | |||
Český Krumlov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtʃɛskiː ˈkrumlof]; German: Krummau an der Moldau or Böhmisch Krummau; Krumau; English: Crumlaw,), sometimes translated as Czech Crumlaw, is a small city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic where Český Krumlov Castle is located. Old Český Krumlov is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was given this status along with the historic Prague castle district.
The city is named Český Krumlov ("Bohemian Crumlaw") to differentiate it from Moravský Krumlov in South Moravia.
Construction of the town and castle began around 1240 by the Vítkovci at a ford in the Vltava River, at an important trade route in Bohemia. It was first mentioned in 1253 as Chrumbenowe. A legend says that the name derives from the German "Krumme Aue" which can be translated as "crooked meadow".
In 1302 the town and castle were acquired by the House of Rosenberg. The majority of inhabitants were German at that time. For 1336 it can be expected that Czechs were only a small minority, who had their own priest.
In late 15th century, when gold was found next to the town, German miners came to settle, which shifted the ethnic balance even more. In the parochial church the sermons were preached in Czech until 1788, when St. Jošt Church was abolished.
Emperor Rudolf II bought Krumlov in 1602 and gave it to his natural son Julius d’Austria. Emperor Ferdinand II gave Krumlov to the House of Eggenberg and the town was seat of Duchy of Krumlov. From 1719 until 1945 the castle belonged to the House of Schwarzenberg. Most of the architecture of the old town and castle dates from the 14th through 17th centuries; the town's structures are mostly in Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque styles. The core of the old town is within a horseshoe bend of the river, with the old Latrán neighborhood and castle on the other side of the Vltava.
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