Émile Baudot
| Émile Baudot | |
|---|---|
Émile Baudot
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| Born | 11 September 1845 Magneux, Haute-Marne, France |
| Died |
28 March 1903 (aged 57) Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Spouse(s) | Marie Josephine Adelaide Langrognet |
| Engineering career | |
| Projects | Baudot code |
| Significant advance | telecommunications |
| Awards | Gold medal of the Exposition Universelle (1878) Knight's Cross of the Légion d'honneur, 1879 Officer of the Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur, 1898 |
Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot (11 September 1845 – 28 March 1903), French telegraph engineer and inventor of the first means of digital communication Baudot code, was one of the pioneers of telecommunications. He invented a multiplexed printing telegraph system that used his code and allowed multiple transmissions over a single line. The baud unit was named after him.
Baudot was born in Magneux, Haute-Marne, France, the son of farmer Pierre Emile Baudot, who later became the mayor of Magneux. His only formal education was at his local primary school, after which he carried out agricultural work on his father's farm before joining the French Post & Telegraph Administration as an apprentice operator in 1869.
The telegraph service trained him in the Morse telegraph and also sent him on a four-month course of instruction on the Hughes printing telegraph system, which was later to inspire his own system.
After serving briefly during the Franco-Prussian War, he returned to civilian duties in Paris in 1872.
The Telegraph Service encouraged Baudot to develop—on his own time—a system for time-multiplexing several telegraph messages using Hughes teleprinters. He realised that with most printing telegraphs of the period the line is idle for most of the time, apart from the brief intervals when a character is transmitted. Baudot devised one of the first applications of time-division multiplexing in telegraphy. Using synchronized clockwork-powered switches at the transmitting and receiving ends, he was able to transmit five messages simultaneously; the system was officially adopted by the French Post & Telegraph Administration five years later.
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