Murray Gell-Mann

Murray Gell-Mann
Born	(1929-09-15) September 15, 1929 (age 87) Manhattan, New York City, U.S.
Residence	United States
Citizenship	United States
Nationality	American
Fields	Physics
Institutions	Santa Fe Institute University of New Mexico University of Southern California California Institute of Technology University of Chicago
Alma mater	Yale University (BS) MIT (PhD)
Thesis	Coupling strength and nuclear reactions (1951)
Doctoral advisor	Victor Weisskopf
Doctoral students	Kenneth G. Wilson Sidney Coleman Rod Crewther James Hartle Christopher T. Hill Barton Zwiebach
Known for	Coining the term 'quark' Elementary particles Effective complexity Gell-Mann and Low theorem Gell-Mann matrices Gell-Mann−Low renormalization group equation Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula Strangeness Plectics
Notable awards	Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics (1959) E. O. Lawrence Award (1966) John J. Carty Award (1968) Nobel Prize in Physics (1969) ForMemRS (1978)
Spouse	J. Margaret Dow (m. 1955; d. 1981) Marcia Southwick (m. 1992)
Children	Two + 1 stepchild
Website www.santafe.edu/~mgm

Murray Gell-Mann (/ˈmʌri ˈɡɛl ˈmæn/; born September 15, 1929) is an American physicist who received the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the theory of elementary particles. He is the Robert Andrews Millikan Professor of Theoretical Physics Emeritus at the California Institute of Technology, a Distinguished Fellow and co-founder of the Santa Fe Institute, Professor in the Physics and Astronomy Department of the University of New Mexico, and the Presidential Professor of Physics and Medicine at the University of Southern California. Gell-Mann has spent several periods at CERN, among others as a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellow in 1972.

He introduced, independently of George Zweig, the quark—constituents of all hadrons—having first identified the SU(3) flavor symmetry of hadrons. This symmetry is now understood to underlie the light quarks, extending isospin to include strangeness, a quantum number which he also discovered.

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