Diets

Question

This piglix contains articles or sub-piglix about Diets

Answer 1

Yo-yo effect

Yo-yo dieting or yo-yo effect, also known as weight cycling, is a term coined by Kelly D. Brownell at Yale University, in reference to the cyclical loss and gain of weight, resembling the up-down motion of a yo-yo. In this process, the dieter is initially successful in the pursuit of weight loss but is unsuccessful in maintaining the loss long-term and begins to gain the weight back. The dieter then seeks to lose the regained weight, and the cycle begins again.

The reasons for yo-yo dieting are varied but often include embarking upon a hypocaloric diet that was initially too extreme. At first the dieter may experience elation at the thought of weight loss and pride in their rejection of food. Over time, however, the limits imposed by such extreme diets cause effects such as depression or fatigue that make the diet impossible to sustain. Ultimately, the dieter reverts to their old eating habits, now with the added emotional effects of failing to lose weight by restrictive diet. Such an emotional state leads many people to eating more than they would have before dieting, causing them to rapidly regain weight. The process of regaining weight and especially body fat is further promoted by the high metabolic plasticity of skeletal muscle. The "Summermatter Cycle" explains how skeletal muscle persistently reduces energy expenditure during dieting. In addition, food restriction increases physical activity which further supports body weight loss initially. When food becomes available again, the thrifty program promotes the refilling of energy stores which preferentially occurs as catch-up fat.

This kind of diet is associated with extreme food deprivation as a substitute for good diet and exercise techniques. As a result, the dieter may experience loss of both muscle and body fat during the initial weight-loss phase (weight-bearing exercise is required to maintain muscle). After completing the diet, the dieter is likely to experience the body's starvation response, leading to rapid weight gain of only fat. This is a cycle that changes the body's fat-to-muscle ratio, one of the more important factors in health. A report by the American Psychological Association reviewed thirty-one diet studies and found that after two years of dieting up to a third of dieters weighed more than they did before they began the diet. One study in rats showed those made to yo-yo diet were more efficient at gaining weight. However the research compiled by Atkinson et al. (1994) showed that there are “no adverse effects of weight cycling on body composition, resting metabolic rate, body fat distribution, or future successful weight loss”, and that there is not enough evidence to show risk factors for cardiovascular disease being directly dependent on cyclical dieting patterns. Yo-yo dieting can have extreme emotional and physical ramifications due to the stress that someone puts on themselves to lose weight quickly. The instant gratification of losing the weight eventually gives way to old eating habits that cause weight gain and emotional distress.

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Wikipedia

Answer 2

Yuzu diet

Misharina's yuzu diet is a diet created by Russian dietitian Anastasia Misharina and based on consumption of yuzu citrus fruit.

After graduation from the Pacific State Medical University, Anastasia Misharina went on to develop diets based on balanced, careful eating instead of stringent restrictions. Her dietary design efforts have culminated in the yuzu diet.

The yuzu (Citrus ichangensis × C. reticulata, formerly C. junos Siebold ex. Tanaka) is a citrus fruit and plant originating in East Asia. It is believed to be a hybrid of sour mandarin and Ichang papeda. The fruit looks somewhat like a very small grapefruit with an uneven skin, and can be either yellow or green depending on the degree of ripeness. Yuzu fruits, which are very aromatic, typically range between 5.5 and 7.5 cm in diameter, but can be as large as a grapefruit (up to 10 cm or larger). Yuzu is widely used in East Asia: as garnish or seasoning in Japanese cuisine and in a marmalade-like syrup used to make teas and punch in Korean cuisine. The yuzu fruit attracted attention in the West in the 21st century and has been increasingly used by chefs in the United States and other Western nations, achieving notice in a 2003 article in The New York Times.

Anastasia Misharina's yuzu-based diet is very simple: a single raw yuzu fruit simply replaces one of the day's meals. The proposed diet also excludes sweet, fried and fatty foods. The diet should be followed for six days, avoiding stress to the body, according to a recent study.

Additionally, the diet allows eating yuzu skin, as well as yuzu-based products like vinegar, marmalade, jam, syrups and kinds of processed yuzu for the sake of variety.

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Wikipedia

Answer 3

Zone diet

The Zone diet is a high-fat, low carbohydrate fad diet devised by biochemist Barry Sears. It specifies the consumption of calories from carbohydrates and protein in a specified ratio, recommending eating five times a day to create a sense of satiety that discourages overeating. Like other low-carbohydrate diets, the theories behind this diet are unproven and there is insufficient scientific evidence to determine if it is safe or effective.

One of the ideas on which the diet is based is that meals constructed to create a sense of satiety will discourage overeating. Also, like other low-carb diets, the glycemic index is used to classify carbohydrates. Both ideas are meant to promote weight loss via reduction in calories consumed, and avoid spikes in insulin release, thus supporting the maintenance of insulin sensitivity.

The Zone diet proposes that relatively narrow bell-shaped curve centered at 0.75 ratio between proteins and carbohydrates is essential to "balance the insulin to glucagon ratio, which purportedly affects eicosanoid metabolism and ultimately produces a cascade of biological events leading to a reduction in chronic disease risk, enhanced immunity, maximal physical and mental performance, increased longevity and permanent weight loss."

The Zone Diet is a fad diet in the low-carbohydrate diet school that was created by Barry Sears, a biochemist.

The diet advocates eating five times a day, with 3 meals and 2 snacks, and includes eating proteins, carbohydrates - those with a lower glycemic index are considered more favorable, and fats (monounsaturated fats are considered healthier) in a ratio of 30%-40%-30%. The hand is used as the mnemonic tool; five fingers for five times a day, with no more than five hours between meals. The size and thickness of the palm are used to measure protein while two big fists measures favorable carbohydrates and one fist unfavorable carbohydrates. There is a more complex scheme of "Zone blocks" and "mini blocks" that followers of the diet can use to determine the ratios of macronutrients consumed. Daily exercise is encouraged.

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Wikipedia