Energy

Question

In physics, energy is a property of objects which is convertible among different forms, and whose total amount, which may change only by being transferred to or from other objects, constitutes a fundamental limitation on the capacity to perform work or provide heat. The SI unit of energy is the joule, which is the energy transferred to an object by the mechanical work of moving it a distance of 1 metre against a force of 1 newton.

Common energy forms include the kinetic energy of a moving object, the potential energy stored by an object's position in a force field (gravitational, electric or magnetic), the elastic energy stored by stretching solid objects, the chemical energy released when a fuel burns, the radiant energy carried by light, and the thermal energy due to an object's temperature. All of the many forms of energy are convertible to other kinds of energy. In Newtonian physics, there is a universal law of conservation of energy which says that energy can be neither created nor be destroyed; however, it can change from one form to another.

Forms of energy

Type of energy	Description
Kinetic	(≥0), that of the motion of a body
Potential	A category comprising many forms in this list
Mechanical	The sum of (usually macroscopic) kinetic and potential energies
Mechanical wave	(≥0), a form of mechanical energy propagated by a material's oscillations
Chemical	that contained in molecules
Electric	that from electric fields
Magnetic	that from magnetic fields
Radiant	(≥0), that of electromagnetic radiation, including light
Chromodynamic	that of binding quarks to form hadrons
Nuclear	that of binding nucleons to form the atomic nucleus
Ionization	that of binding an electron to its atom or molecule
Elastic	that of deformation of a material (or its container) exhibiting a restorative force
Gravitational	that from gravitational fields
Rest	(≥0) that equivalent to an object's rest mass
Thermal	A microscopic, disordered equivalent of mechanical energy
Heat	an amount of thermal energy being transferred (in a given process) in the direction of decreasing temperature
Mechanical work	an amount of energy being transferred in a given process due to displacement in the direction of an applied force

...Wikipedia