Zhuge Liang's Southern Campaign

Zhuge Liang's Southern Campaign
Part of the wars of the Three Kingdoms period
Wooden sculpture in Huaxilou, Bozhou, Anhui depiciting Zhuge Liang's campaign against the Nanman, controlling beasts
Date Spring – Autumn 225 CE Location Nanzhong (covering present-day Yunnan, Guizhou and southern Sichuan), China Result Shu Han victory
Belligerents
Shu Han	Shu rebels, Nanman
Commanders and leaders
Zhuge Liang	Yong Kai, Zhu Bao, Gao Ding †, Meng Huo

Zhuge Liang's Southern Campaign
Traditional Chinese	諸葛亮南征
Simplified Chinese	诸葛亮南征
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zhūgě Liàng Nán Zhēng
War of Pacification in Nanzhong
Traditional Chinese	南中平定戰
Simplified Chinese	南中平定战
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Nánzhōng Píngdìng Zhàn

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zhūgě Liàng Nán Zhēng

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Nánzhōng Píngdìng Zhàn

Zhuge Liang's Southern Campaign, also known as the War of Pacification in Nanzhong, was a military campaign led by Shu Han chancellor Zhuge Liang to suppress opposing forces in the south in 225 during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. The campaign was a response to rebellions started by local governors in the southern region of Nanzhong and intrusions by the Nanman (literally: "southern barbarians").

In 222, the Shu Han emperor Liu Bei was defeated in the Battle of Xiaoting against the state of Eastern Wu. He died in Baidicheng the following year. When Yong Kai of southern Yi Province (covering the Sichuan Basin) received news of Liu Bei's death in the summer of 223, he planned to revolt. Although Li Yan tried to dissuade him from it, Yong Kai only sent an arrogant reply, "I heard that the sky does not have two suns, and the land does not have two rulers. Now the lands are split into three with each claiming to be the absolute, the distant [Yong Kai] rests uneasy, not knowing who to follow."

Soon, Yong Kai killed Zheng Ang (正昂), the Administrator of Jianning (建寧), and kidnapped Zhang Yi to Eastern Wu. Yong Kai was given the post of Administrator of Yongchang (永昌) by Eastern Wu, but Yongchang belonged to Shu Han. Lü Kai and Wang Kang defended Yongchang from Yong Kai, who sought his position. Although Yong Kai spread many rumours outside the city walls, Lü Kai refused to open the gates to let Yong Kai in.

Gao Ding (高定), a leader of the local Sou people (叟族), also revolted in coordination with Yong Kai, killing general Jiao Huang (焦璜) and declaring himself king. He marched his army north to attack Xindao (新道), but he was repelled by reinforcements led by Li Yan from Jianwei (犍為).

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Wikipedia