Zaduszki

Dzień Zaduszny (Polish: Zaduszki, Zaduszki jesienne, Święto zmarłych, Slovak: Spomienkový deň, Pamiatka zosnulých, Dušičky, Croatian: Dušni dan, Mrtvih dan, Serbian: Задушнице, Bulgarian: Задушница, Душница, Мъртви съботи, Мъртъв ден, Ден на мъртвите, Belarusian: Дзяды, Russian: Родительская суббота, Урочные дни), the word Zaduszki originates from dzień zaduszny, which can be translated as the day of the prayer for souls, and thus is more closely related to All Souls' Day.

The first day of November is a holiday in Poland. As many people make journeys to visit the burial places of their relatives, heavy traffic develops and accident statistics peak. Most commercial activity also ceases. Cities set up special bus lines which travel between traffic hubs and cemeteries.

Streets are filled with silent and solemn crowds, and cemeteries glow with thousands of candles, presenting a unique and picturesque scene.

Zaduszki is the main holiday commemorating the dead for Slavic Catholics. Zaduszki celebration occurs on All Saints' Day (November 1) and the Day of the Dead (November 2). All Saints' Day was introduced to Europe in year 998 in Benedictine monasteries, and since the 13th century became officially acknowledged by the Western Church as the day of commemoration of all deceased. In folk understanding, All Saints' Day was viewed as the Eve of the main Commemoration ("Zaduszny") Day (November 2) when most folk customs and rituals took place.

It was believed that during the days of Zaduszki in the autumn, the spirits of deceased relatives visited their old homes by gathering near the windows or on the left side of the main doorway. Eventually, it was believed that as they entered the house, they would warm themselves by the home's hearth and search for the commemoration meal prepared for them. Prior to returning to the Otherworld, the souls went to church for a special nighttime mass by the dead priest's soul. The living were not allowed to watch the dead; those who broke this rule would be punished severely.

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Wikipedia