Yuri Kondratyuk
| Yuri Kondratyuk | |
|---|---|
Yurij Vasyljevych Kondratyuk
|
|
| Born |
Aleksandr Ignatyevich Shargei June 21, 1897 Poltava, Russian Empire, now Ukraine |
| Died | February 1942 (aged 44) unknown, presumably near Zasetsky, Kaluga Region, RSFSR, USSR |
| Cause of death | Missing in action |
| Nationality | Ukrainian |
| Alma mater | self-educated |
| Occupation | Rocket scientist, engineer |
| Parent(s) | Ignat Benediktovich Shargei Ludmila Lvovna Schlippenbach |
| Military career | |
| Allegiance | Russian Empire/USSR |
| Years of service | 1916-1918, 1941–1942 |
| Battles/wars | World War I, World War II |
Yuriy Vasilievich Kondratyuk (real name Aleksandr Ignatyevich Shargei, Ukrainian: Олександр Гнатович Шаргей, Oleksandr Hnatovych Sharhei) (June 21, 1897 – February 1942) was a Soviet engineer and mathematician. He was a pioneer of astronautics and spaceflight, a theoretician and a visionary who, in the early 20th century, developed the first known Lunar Orbit Rendezvous (LOR), a key concept for landing and return spaceflight from Earth to the Moon. The LOR was later used for the plotting of the first actual human spaceflight to the Moon. Many other aspects of spaceflight and space exploration are covered in his works.
Kondratyuk made his scientific discoveries in circumstances of war, repetitious persecutions from authorities and serious illnesses.
"Yuriy Kondratyuk" is a stolen identity under which the author was hiding after the Russian revolution and became known to the scientific community.
Kondratyuk was born as Aleksandr Ignatyevich Shargei in 1897 in Poltava, Russian Empire (now Ukraine) although his family originally lived in Kiev. His father, Ignat Benediktovich Shargei, studied physics and mathematics in Kiev University at the time of his marriage. Kondratyuk's mother, Ludmila Lvovna Schlippenbach taught French at a Kiev school, and must have already been pregnant when she married in January 1897. She is a direct descendant of Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach, a general who took part in Charles XII of Sweden's failed invasion of Russia. Her grandfather Anton von Schlippenbach was Lt. Colonel of Russian army and participated in the Napoleonic wars. Ludmyla was devoted to social activism and was imprisoned on several occasions for participating in demonstrations. During her last stay in a Kiev prison, shortly before Aleksandr was born, she was diagnosed with a mental disorder and placed into an asylum in 1902. Aleksandr lived with his father and step-mother in St. Petersburg until 1910, when his father died and Aleksandr returned to Poltava to live with his paternal grandmother.
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