Yun Chi-ho
| Yun Chi-ho 윤치호 尹致昊 |
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|---|---|
Yun Chi-ho is standing at the rear. His father, Yun Ung-nyeol is seated, wearing the western uniform of the Korean Empire. This photograph captures the General with his family c. 1910.
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| Born | 26 December 1864 |
| Died | 9 December 1945 (aged 80) |
| Yun Chi-ho | |
| Hunminjeongeum | 윤치호 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Yun Chi-ho |
| McCune–Reischauer | Yun Ch'iho |
| Pen name | |
| Hunminjeongeum | 좌옹 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Jwaong |
| McCune–Reischauer | Chwaong |
| Courtesy name | |
| Hunminjeongeum | 성흠, 성흠 |
| Hanja | 聖欽, 成欽 |
| Revised Romanization | Seongheum, Seongheum |
| McCune–Reischauer | Sŏnghŭm, Sŏnghŭm |
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Japanese name: Itō Chikō (?) |
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Yun Chi-ho (Korean: 윤치호, hanja: 尹致昊, 1864 – 1945) was an important political activist and thinker during the late 1800s and early 1900s in Joseon Korea. His penname was Jwa-ong (좌옹, 佐翁); his courtesy name was Sungheum (성흠;聖欽), Sungheum (성흠;成欽). a member of Korean early NGO's Independence Club (독립협회;獨立協會) and People's joint association (만민공동회;萬民共同會), Shinminhwae (신민회;新民會). He was a strong nationalist especially in his early years; pushing for reform and modernization in the Joseon government. He was involved in important organizations such as the Independence Club led by Seo Jae-pil. He also served in various government positions and was a strong supporter of Christianity in Korea.
Although Yun’s early years were filled with strong support of patriotic and nationalist movements, there seemed to have been a change in Yun’s approach to Korean independence in the wake of the Japanese dominance in Korea, starting with Korea becoming a protectorate of Japan in 1904, and then fully annexed into the Japanese Empire in 1910. Because of Yun’s apparent change in attitude toward Korean independence and his lack of support of nationalist movements, like the 1919 Samil Movement, many Koreans today see him as a collaborator with the Japanese.
Yun Chi-ho was a member of one of the prominent yangban families of Korea. Son of General Yun Ung-nyeol, who served as a minister in the Joseon government. he attended Vanderbilt University in Tennessee before transferring to Emory University in Georgia. He was also an early leader of the Korean YMCA and a South Korean Methodist.
Yun Chi-ho was born on December 26, 1864 in a small village in Chungcheong Province. His father, Yun Ung-yeol, was an official in the Joseon government and as a member of the yangban aristocracy saw that Chi-ho received a proper education. Yun Chi-ho excelled in his studies of the Confucian classics at the local seodang and even tried to apply to take the civil-service exams at age twelve.
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