Yttrium(III) oxide
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| Names | |
|---|---|
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IUPAC name
Yttrium(III) oxide.
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| Other names
Yttria,
diyttrium trioxide, yttrium sesquioxide |
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| Identifiers | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.013.849 |
| RTECS number | ZG3850000 |
| Properties | |
| Y2O3 | |
| Molar mass | 225.81 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid. |
| Density | 5.010 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point | 2,425 °C (4,397 °F; 2,698 K) |
| Boiling point | 4,300 °C (7,770 °F; 4,570 K) |
| insoluble | |
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Solubility in alcohol acid |
soluble |
| Structure | |
| Cubic (bixbyite), cI80 | |
| Ia-3, No. 206 | |
| Octahedral | |
| Hazards | |
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EU classification (DSD)
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None listed. |
| R-phrases | Not hazardous |
| S-phrases | S24/25 |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
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LDLo (lowest published)
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>10,000 mg/kg (rat, oral) >6000 mg/kg (mouse, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
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Other cations
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Scandium(III) oxide, Lanthanum(III) oxide |
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Related compounds
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Yttrium barium copper oxide |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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 (what is   ?) |
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| Infobox references | |
Yttrium oxide, also known as yttria, is Y2O3. It is an air-stable, white solid substance. Yttrium oxide is used as a common starting material for both materials science as well as inorganic compounds.
The original use of the mineral yttria and the purpose of its extraction from mineral sources was as part of the process of making gas mantles and other products for turning the flames of artificially-produced gases (initially hydrogen, later coal gas, paraffin, or other products) into human-visible light. This use is almost obsolete - thorium and cerium oxides are larger components of such products these days.
It is the most important yttrium compound and is widely used to make Eu:YVO4 and Eu:Y2O3phosphors that give the red color in color TV picture tubes. Yttrium oxide is also used to make yttrium iron garnets, which are very effective microwave filters.
Y2O3 is used to make the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7, known as "1-2-3" to indicate the ratio of the metal constituents:
This synthesis is typically conducted at 800 °C.
The thermal conductivity of yttrium oxide is 27 W/(m·K).
Yttrium oxide is an important starting point for inorganic compounds. For organometallic chemistry it is converted to YCl3 in a reaction with concentrated hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride.
Y2O3 is a prospective solid-state laser material. In particular, lasers with ytterbium as dopant allow the efficient operation both in continuous operation and in pulsed regimes. At high concentration of excitations (of order of 1%) and poor cooling, the quenching of emission at laser frequency and avalanche broadband emission takes place.
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