Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer
| Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer | |
|---|---|
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| Argued May 12–13, 1952 Decided June 2, 1952 |
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| Full case name | Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company, et al. v. Charles Sawyer, Secretary of Commerce |
| Citations | 343 U.S. 579 (more)
72 S. Ct. 863; 96 L. Ed. 1153; 1952 U.S. LEXIS 2625; 21 Lab. Cas. (CCH) P67,008; 1952 Trade Cas. (CCH) P67,293; 62 Ohio L. Abs. 417; 47 Ohio Op. 430; 26 A.L.R.2d 1378; 30 L.R.R.M. 2172
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| Prior history | Injunction granted to plaintiffs, 103 F. Supp. 569 (D. D.C. 1952); injunctions stayed, 197 F.2d 582 (D.C. Cir. 1952); cert. granted, 343 U.S. 937 (1952) |
| Holding | |
| The President did not have the inherent authority to seize private property in the absence of either specifically enumerated authority under Article Two of the Constitution or statutory authority conferred on him by Congress. DC District Court affirmed. | |
| Court membership | |
| Case opinions | |
| Majority | Black, joined by Frankfurter, Douglas, Jackson, Burton |
| Concurrence | Frankfurter |
| Concurrence | Douglas |
| Concurrence | Jackson |
| Concurrence | Burton |
| Concurrence | Clark |
| Dissent | Vinson, joined by Reed, Minton |
| Laws applied | |
| U.S. Const. art. II | |
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer, 343 U.S. 579 (1952), also commonly referred to as The Steel Seizure Case, was a United States Supreme Court decision that limited the power of the President of the United States to seize private property in the absence of either specifically enumerated authority under Article Two of the United States Constitution or statutory authority conferred on him by Congress. It was a "stinging rebuff" to President Harry Truman.
Justice Hugo Black's majority decision was, however, qualified by the separate concurring opinions of five other members of the Court, making it difficult to determine the details and limits of the President's power to seize private property in emergencies. While a concurrence, Justice Robert H. Jackson's opinion is used by most legal scholars and members of Congress to assess executive power.
The case is colloquially referred to as the Youngstown Steel case or the Steel Seizure case.
The United States was involved in the Korean War in 1950 when troops from North Korea invaded the Republic of Korea. President Harry Truman sent troops to South Korea without asking for a Congressional declaration of war on North Korea—albeit with a United Nations resolution.
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