Yevgraph Tyurin

Yevgraph Dmitrievich Tyurin
Born	1793 (disputed) Moscow
Died	1875 (disputed) Tula
Nationality	Russia
Occupation	Architect
Buildings	Elokhovo Cathedral (1837–1845) Moscow State University expansion (1833–1836)

Yefgraph Dmitrievich Tyurin (Russian: Евграф Дмитриевич Тюрин) was a Russian architect and art collector, famous as the builder of Elokhovo Cathedral in Moscow, the main cathedral of Russian Orthodox Church in 1945–2000, and Moscow State University expansion in 1830. Tyurin’s life and work, especially in his later years, was poorly documented. His life period is usually presented as 1792–1870, however, recent studies by Sophia Tyurina-Mitrokhina extend it, most likely, to 1793–1875.

This article is based on biography by Sophia Tyurina-Mitrokhina (2005 edition)

Tyurin was a free born from low classes. The year of his birth is disputed (1792, 1793, 1796). In 1805–1813, Tyurin studied practical construction crafts in the Moscow Kremlin Building Commission, then headed by Kremlin Administrator Pyotr Stepanovich Valuev (1743–1814). Later, Tyrin studied architecture under Domenico Giliardi. Since 1816, Tyurin was involved in temporary repairs of the old Great Kremlin Palace, first under Ivan Mironovsky (1774–1860), then under Vasily Stasov.

Prince Nikolay Yusupov, who replaced late Valuev as the Kremlin Administrator, assigned Tyurin to assist in rebuilding his Arkhangelskoye estate, damaged in 1812. Tyrin joined a team of architects, initially led by Joseph Bove. Later, after an accidental fire in 1829, he was the sole architect rebuilding Arkhangelskoye. His most valuable, undisputed extant input is the 1818 “Caprice” (Little Palace), restored in 1970 to Tyurin’s original drafts.

Original wooden Kolomenskoye Palace was torn down in the age of Catherine II. In the 1820s, Tyurin was assigned to rebuild the Palace. His design mixed traditional Neoclassical order with irregular composition of the old Palace, crowned with various towers and tented roofs. Tsar Nicholas I eventually dismissed Tyurin when his structure was already topped out, and installed Andrei Stackenschneider to rebuild it anew. In the end, Tyurin’s structure was abandoned and demolished. Tyurin is also credited with the extant Lipki Pavilion and repairs of Kazan Church.

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