Xylococcus bicolor
| Xylococcus bicolor | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Xylococcus bicolor in bloom with old fruit and leaves | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Ericaceae |
| Subfamily: | Arbutoideae |
| Genus: |
Xylococcus Nutt. |
| Species: | X. bicolor |
| Binomial name | |
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Xylococcus bicolor Nutt. |
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Xylococcus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the heath family which contains the single species Xylococcus bicolor, the mission manzanita.
The genus Arctostaphylos (Manzanitas) and Xylococcus are both in the Ericaceae family. It was formerly classified as Arctostaphylos bicolor. The name Xylococcus comes from the Greek for "wood berry".
The plant's native range is very limited, to the Peninsular Ranges in Southern California (U.S.) and northern Baja California state (México), the South Coast of California and the northwestern Baja California coast, and on Santa Catalina Island. Its populations are primarily in San Diego County, California and Baja California state.
It is a member of the chaparral plant community, in the California chaparral and woodlands and California coastal sage and chaparral ecoregions. It grows at elevations below 3,500 feet (1,100 m), on dry, sunny slopes.
Xylococcus bicolor is a slow-growing shrub that resembles the true manzanitas (Arctostaphylos). The form is upright, usually with multiple trunks and a roughly spheroid crown. It grows up to 5 metres (16 ft) in height and 3 metres (9.8 ft) in diameter.
Leaves are oblong, glossy dark green on the top and very light colored with a felty texture on the underside. The edges of the leaves curl under as they age. Bark is smooth and a red-gray color.
Flowers, which appear from December to February depending on rainfall, are white to pink in color blending to yellowish at the open end, 8–10 mm in length and hang like bells in small clusters near the ends of branches.
Fruit is glossy dark red to almost black, 7 mm diameter and has very little flesh, being mostly a large, woody seed.
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Wikipedia