Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory
The Nanshan 25 m radio telescope
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| Coordinates | 43°28′N 87°11′E / 43.47°N 87.18°ECoordinates: 43°28′N 87°11′E / 43.47°N 87.18°E |
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| Website | english |
| Telescopes | Qitai Radio Telescope, [*] |
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Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory (XAO; Chinese: 新疆天文台; pinyin: Xīnjiāng tiānwéntái) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was known as Ürümqi Astronomical Observatory, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences before it was renamed in January 2011.
The current research at XAO spans many fields of astronomy. It consists of radio astronomy, optical astronomy and applications of astronomy, especially pulsars, star formation and evolution, galaxies and cosmology, high energy astrophysics, microwave receiver, digital technology, GPS, and so on. The Radio Astrophysics Laboratory of XAO is a member of the radio astronomy key laboratories in the Chinese Academy of Sciences，and has also been awarded the status of Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. XAO operates the Nanshan site, Kashgar site, Qitai site and other two independent ground stations.
The observatory's facilities include the Nanshan Radio Telescope (see List of radio telescopes#Asia), located in Gangou Township, Ürümqi County (43°28′17″N 87°10′41″E / 43.47139°N 87.17806°E). The 25 m, telescope site in Nanshan of XAO is one of the important stations of VLBI. As a crucial research base for pulsar, centimeter wave molecular line and active galactic nuclei research, Nanshan station is also involved and plays an important role in China’s Lunar Exploration Program.
Plans also exist for the construction of a large, fully steerable single-dish radio telescope (diameter 110 m), which is called Qitai Radio Telescope, or QTT for short. The chosen site for the facility is in Banjiegou Town, Qitai County. Upon completion, the sensitivity of 110 m antenna is about 20 times more than a 25 m telescope.
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