Xiang Zhongfa
| 向忠发 Xiang Zhongfa |
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| 2nd General Secretary of the Communist Party of China | |
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In office 1928–1931 |
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| Preceded by | Chen Duxiu |
| Succeeded by | Qin Bangxian |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1879 Shanghai, Qing Dynasty |
| Died | 24 June 1931 (age 51-52) Shanghai, Republic of China |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Political party | Communist Party of China |
Xiang Zhongfa (simplified Chinese: 向忠发; traditional Chinese: 向忠發; pinyin: Xiàng Zhōngfǎ; 1879 - June 24, 1931) was one of the early senior leaders of the Communist Party of China (CPC).
Xiang was born in 1879 to a poor family living in Hanchuan, Hubei. He dropped out of elementary school to move with his parents to their ancestral home in Hubei. When he was 14 years old, he became an apprentice in a weapons factory in Hanyang, a county of Wuhan.
When the factory closed, Xiang found work as a servant in Jiangxi. Three years later, he was recommended by his employer to work for a liner company in Wuhan. He received a promotion to Second Mate four months later and became Chief Mate after two years.
After several years, Xiang transferred to a ship of the major liner company Han Zhiping. There, he was elected as a labor union leader because of his literacy and activity in worker movements. In 1921, Xiang became the Vice Chairman of Han Zhiping's labor union and joined the Communist Party of China.
During the Northern Expedition, the army of Kuomintang (KMT) took over some parts of Hubei and marched towards Wuhan. Xiang and Xu Baihao mobilized workers for strikes against local warlords and set up the labor union of the Hubei province, greatly assisting the KMT army. After the CCP headquarters moved to Wuhan, Xiang was elected a member of the Central Committee of CCP for his contributions. Xiang was then among the most prominent worker activists, along with Su Zhaozheng, Wang Hebo and Deng Pei.
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