Xi Zhongxun
| Xi Zhongxun | |
|---|---|
| 习仲勋 | |
Xi in 1946
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| First Vice Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee | |
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In office 1988–1993 |
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| Chairman | Wan Li |
| Secretary General of the State Council | |
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In office 1953–1965 |
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| Premier | Zhou Enlai |
| Preceded by | Li Weihan |
| Succeeded by | Zhou Rongxin |
| Head of the CPC Propaganda Department | |
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In office 1953–1954 |
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| Party Chairman | Mao Zedong |
| Preceded by | Lu Dingyi |
| Succeeded by | Lu Dingyi |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
15 October 1913 Fuping County, Shaanxi, China |
| Died | 24 May 2002 (aged 88) Beijing, China |
| Political party | Communist Party of China |
| Spouse(s) | Hao Mingzhu Qi Xin |
| Children |
Xi Zhengning Xi Heping Xi Ganping Qi Qiaoqiao Qi Anan Xi Jinping Xi Yuanping |
| Xi Zhongxun | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 习仲勋 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 習仲勳 | ||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xí Zhòngxūn |
Xi Zhongxun (October 15, 1913 – May 24, 2002) was a communist revolutionary and a political leader in the People's Republic of China. He is considered to be among the first generation of Chinese leadership. The contributions he made to the Chinese communist revolution and the development of the People's Republic, from the founding of Communist guerrilla bases in the northwestern China in the 1930s to initiation of economic liberalization in the southern China in the 1980s, are numerous and broad. He was known for political moderation and for the setbacks he endured in his career. He was imprisoned and purged several times. Xi is also the father of Xi Jinping, the current General Secretary of the Communist Party and President of China and also Chairman of the Military Commission
Xi was born on October 15, 1913, to a land-owning family, in rural Fuping County, Shaanxi. He joined the Chinese Communist Youth League in May 1926 and took part in student demonstrations in the spring of 1928, for which he was imprisoned by the ruling Nationalist authorities. In prison, he joined the Communist Party of China in 1928.
In early 1930, he joined the Nationalists' Northwest Army under the command of Yang Hucheng and in March 1932, launched a coup within that army in Liangdang, Gansu. Subsequently, he joined Communist guerillas north of the Wei River. In March 1933, he joined Liu Zhidan and others in founding the Shaanxi–Gansu (Shaangan) Border Region Soviet Area, and became the chairman of the Soviet area government while leading guerillas in resisting Nationalist incursions and expanding the Soviet area. In early 1935, the Shaanxi–Gansu Border and Northern Shaanxi Soviet Areas merged to form the Revolutionary Base Area of the Northwest and Xi became one of the leaders of the base area. But in September 1935, he along with Liu Zhidan and Gao Gang were jailed during a Leftist rectification campaign within the party. By his own account, he was within four days of being executed when Mao Zedong arrived on the scene and ordered Xi and his comrades released. Xi's guerrilla base in the Northwest gave refuge to Mao Zedong and the party center, and allowed them to end the Long March. It is said that Xi's "Revolutionary Base Area of the Northwest saved the Party Center and the Party Center saved the revolutionaries of the Northwest.". The base area eventually became the Yan'an Soviet, the headquarters of the Chinese Communist movement until 1947.
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