XIV Corps (Union Army)

XIV Corps
Union Army 1st Division Badge, XIV Corps
Active	1862–1865
Country	United States
Branch	United States Army
Part of	Army of the Cumberland Army of Georgia
Engagements	Battle of Stones River Battle of Chickamauga Battle of Missionary Ridge Battle of Resaca Battle of Kennesaw Mountain Battle of Peachtree Creek Battle of Utoy Creek Battle of Jonesboro March to the Sea Battle of Bentonville
Commanders
Notable commanders	William S. Rosecrans George H. Thomas John M. Palmer Richard W. Johnson Jefferson C. Davis

XIV Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was one of the earliest corps formations in the Western Theater of the American Civil War.

On October 24, 1862, the War department issued General Orders No. 168, creating both the XIII Corps and the XIV Corps. The XIV Corps was to be organized from troops of the Army of the Cumberland, and to be commanded by General William Rosecrans.

The Army of the Ohio, under the command of Don Carlos Buell was previously divided into three unofficial corps designated I, II and III Corps. When Rosecrans took command the army was reorganized into twelve divisions to be made from 155 regiments of infantry, 1 regiment of engineers, 35 batteries of artillery, and 6 regiments of cavalry.

The Army of the Cumberland and XIV Corps were virtually synonymous and therefore command of the corps was divided into three "wings" with the same basic formation as in the former Army of the Ohio. The old I Corps became the Right Wing under Alexander M. McCook. The II Corps became the Left Wing under Thomas L. Crittenden. The III Corps became the Center Wing under George H. Thomas, replacing Charles C. Gilbert. In this formation the corps fought at the Battle of Stones River losing over 25% in killed, wounded or missing.

On January 9, 1863, in the immediate aftermath of Stones River, the XIV Corps wings were given their own official corps designations. McCook's Right Wing became the XX Corps. Crittenden's Left Wing became the XXI Corps. Thomas' Center Wing remained as the XIV Corps. Thomas led the corps to distinction for his defense at Horseshoe Ridge (in particular his actions at Snodgrass Hill) protecting the Federal Army from a complete rout following the Battle of Chickamauga.