Withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq

Withdrawal of American military forces from Iraq
Part of the Iraq War
Kuwaiti soldiers man a border crossing in December 2011, as the last of the U.S. military convoy crosses the border from Iraq into Kuwait, completing the withdrawal.
Date December 2007 – 18 December 2011 Location Iraq-Kuwait border Result Withdrawal of U.S. military forces from Iraqi territory, Iraq War ended,rise of ISIS
Belligerents
United States	Iraqi Ba'ath Party loyalists Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order Islamic State of Iraq al-Qaeda in Iraq Special Groups Promised Day Brigade Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq Kata'ib Hezbollah Islamic Army of Iraq Ansar al-Sunnah
Commanders and leaders
Lloyd Austin	Various

Iraqi Ba'ath Party loyalists

The withdrawal of U.S. military forces from Iraq began in December 2007 with the end of the Iraq War troop surge of 2007 and was completed by December 2011, bringing an end to the Iraq War. The number of U.S. military forces in Iraq peaked at 170,300 in November 2007.

The withdrawal of U.S. military forces from Iraq was a contentious issue in the United States for much of the 2000s. As the war progressed from its initial invasion phase in 2003 to a nearly decade-long occupation, American public opinion shifted towards favoring a troop withdrawal; in May 2007, 55% of Americans believed that the Iraq War was a mistake, and 51% of registered voters favored troop withdrawal. In late April 2007 Congress passed a supplementary spending bill for Iraq that set a deadline for troop withdrawal but President Bush vetoed this bill, citing his concerns about setting a withdrawal deadline. The Bush Administration later sought an agreement with the Iraqi government, and in 2008 George W. Bush signed the U.S.–Iraq Status of Forces Agreement. It included a deadline of 31 December 2011, before which "all the United States Forces shall withdraw from all Iraqi territory". The last U.S. troops left Iraq on 18 December 2011, in accordance with this agreement. US Forces, in the form of air support, resumed operations in Iraq in June 2014, to defend it against ISIL.

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