William Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury
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The Most Reverend and Right Honourable William Temple |
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|---|---|
| Archbishop of Canterbury | |
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| Province | Canterbury |
| Diocese | Canterbury |
| Appointed | 1 April 1942 (nominated) |
| Installed | 17 April 1942 (confirmed) |
| Term ended | 26 October 1944 |
| Predecessor | Cosmo Lang |
| Successor | Geoffrey Fisher |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 1909 (deacon), 1910 (priest) |
| Consecration | 25 January 1921 |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 15 October 1881 Exeter, Devon, England |
| Died | 26 October 1944 (aged 63) Westgate-on-Sea, Kent, England |
| Buried | Canterbury Cathedral |
| Nationality | English |
| Denomination | Church of England |
| Spouse | Frances Anson |
| Previous post |
Bishop of Manchester, Archbishop of York |
William Temple (15 October 1881 – 26 October 1944) was a bishop in the Church of England. He served as Bishop of Manchester (1921–29), Archbishop of York (1929–42) and Archbishop of Canterbury (1942–44).
A renowned teacher and preacher, Temple is perhaps best known for his 1942 book Christianity and Social Order, which set out an Anglican social theology and a vision for what would constitute a just post-war society. He is also noted for being one of the founders of the Council of Christians and Jews in 1942. He is the last Archbishop of Canterbury to have died while in office.
Temple was born in 1881 in Exeter, Devon, England, the second son of Frederick Temple (1821–1902), also Archbishop of Canterbury. From an early age, he suffered from gout and a cataract which left him blind in his right eye at age 40. He was educated at Rugby School and Balliol College, Oxford, where he obtained a double first in classics and served as president of the Oxford Union.
After graduation, he became fellow and lecturer in philosophy at Queen's College, Oxford from 1904 to 1910 and was ordained in 1909 and priested in 1910. Between 1910 and 1914 he was Headmaster of Repton School after which he returned to being a full-time cleric. He married Frances Anson in 1916. There were no children from the marriage. He was appointed Bishop of Manchester in 1921 and Archbishop of York in 1929. During his life, Temple wrote constantly and completed his largest philosophical work, Mens Creatrix (“The Creative Mind”) in 1917. In 1932–33, he gave the Gifford Lectures, published in 1934 as Gifford Lectures, Nature, Man, and God.
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