William Buller Fullerton Elphinstone, 15th Lord Elphinstone and 1st Baron Elphinstone (18 November 1828 – 18 January 1893), known as William Elphinstone until 1861, was a Scottish Conservative politician.
Elphinstone was the son of Lieutenant-Colonel James Drummond Fullerton Elphinstone, fourth son of the Hon. William Elphinstone, third son of Charles Elphinstone, 10th Lord Elphinstone. His mother was Anna Maria, daughter of Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Buller and Gertrude van Cortlandt (descendant of Stephanus Van Cortlandt, the Schuyler family and the de Peyster family from British North America). He succeeded his second cousin in the lordship in 1861 and was elected a Scottish Representative Peer in 1867. Elphinstone served as a Lord-in-Waiting (government whip in the House of Lords) under Benjamin Disraeli from 1874 to 1880 and under Lord Salisbury from 1885 to 1886 and from 1886 to 1889. In 1885 he was created Baron Elphinstone, of Elphinstone in the County of Haddington, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
Lord Elphinstone married Lady Constance Euphemia, daughter of Alexander Murray, 6th Earl of Dunmore, in 1864. He died in January 1893, aged 64, and was succeeded in his titles by his son Sidney. Lady Elphinstone died in March 1922, and lived in Pinewood, Windlesham, Surrey