Wilhelm Steinkopf
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Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Georg Wilhelm Steinkopf |
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|---|---|
| Born |
28 June 1879 Staßfurt, Province of Saxony, Prussia, German Empire |
| Died | 12 March 1949 (aged 69) Stuttgart, Württemberg-Baden, Germany |
| Alma mater | Technische Hochschule Karlsruhe |
| Occupation | Chemist |
| Organization | Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Elektrochemistry |
| Known for | Production of mustard gas |
| Spouse(s) | Anna Petra Eleonore Steinkopf, née. Heizler (1875–1931) |
| Children | Sofie Elise Steinkopf (born 1903) |
| Parent(s) | Gustav Friedrich Steinkopf (1842–1899), merchant Elise Steinkopf, née. Heine (1841–1886) |
Georg Wilhelm Steinkopf (28 June 1879 – 12 March 1949) was a German chemist. Today he is mostly remembered for his work on the production of mustard gas during World War I.
Georg Wilhelm Steinkopf was born on 28 June 1879 in Staßfurt, in the Prussian Province of Saxony in the German Empire, the son of Gustav Friedrich Steinkopf, a merchant, and his wife Elise Steinkopf (née Heine).
In 1898 he began studying chemistry and physics at the University of Heidelberg. In 1899 he moved to the Technische Hochschule Karlsruhe (today the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology), where he finished his studies with a degree as Diplomingenieur in 1905. In Karlsruhe, he also met his future colleagues Fritz Haber and Roland Scholl. After receiving his Doctor of Science and eventually his Habilitation in 1909, he worked as an associate professor at the TU Karlsruhe until 1914, when he volunteered for service in World War I.
In 1916 Fritz Haber, who was now the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (KWIPC, today the Fritz Haber Institute of the MPG) in Berlin, invited Steinkopf to join his institute as the head of a team devoted to research on chemical weapons. Together with chemical engineer Wilhelm Lommel, Steinkopf developed a method for the large-scale production of bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, commonly known as mustard gas. Mustard gas was subsequently assigned the acronym LOST (LOmmel/STeinkopf) by the German military.
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