Wazir Ali Khan (Hindi: वज़ीर अली खान, Urdu: وزیر علی خان‎)(b. 19 April 1780 – d. 15 May 1817) was the fourthnawab wazir of Oudh from 21 September 1797 to 21 January 1798, and the adopted son of Asaf-Ud-Dowlah.

He was the adopted son of Asaf-Ud-Dowlah, who had no son. He adopted a boy who was the son of a daughter of a servant. At 13 years of age, Ali was married at the cost of £300000 in Lucknow.

After the death of his adopted father in September 1797 he ascended to the throne (musnud), with the support of the British. Within four months they accused him of being unfaithful. Sir John Shore (1751–1834) then moved in with 12 battalions and replaced him with his uncle Saadat Ali Khan II.

Ali was granted a pension of 3,00,000 Rupees and removed to Benares. The government in Calcutta decided that he should be removed further from his former realm. George Frederick Cherry, a British resident, relayed this order to him on 14 January 1799 during a breakfast invitation at which Ali had appeared with an armed guard. During the ensuing argument Ali struck Cherry a blow with his sabre, whereupon the guards killed the resident and two more Europeans. They then set out to attack the house of Samuel Davis, the Magistrate of Benares, who defended himself on the staircase of his house with a pike until rescued by British troops. The affair became known as the Massacre of Benares.

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