Vortex theory of the atom

The Right Honourable The Lord Kelvin OM GCVO PC FRS FRSE
President of the Royal Society
In office 1890–1895
Preceded by	Sir George Stokes
Succeeded by	The Lord Lister
Personal details
Born	(1824-06-26)26 June 1824 Belfast, Ireland, United Kingdom
Died	17 December 1907(1907-12-17) (aged 83) Largs, Ayrshire, Scotland, United Kingdom
Nationality	British
Residence	Belfast; Glasgow; Cambridge
Signature
Scientific career
Institutions	University of Glasgow
Alma mater	Royal Belfast Academical Institution Glasgow University Peterhouse, Cambridge
Academic advisors	William Hopkins
Notable students	William Edward Ayrton William Murray Morrison
Known for	Joule–Thomson effect Thomson effect (thermoelectric) Mirror galvanometer Siphon recorder Kelvin material Kelvin water dropper Kelvin wave Kelvin–Helmholtz instability Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism Kelvin–Helmholtz luminosity Kelvin transform Absolute Zero Kelvin's circulation theorem Stokes' Theorem Kelvin bridge Kelvin sensing Kelvin equation Kelvin-Varley divider Magnetoresistance Coining the term 'kinetic energy'
Influences	John Pringle Nichol Humphry Davy Julius Robert von Mayer Henri Victor Regnault
Influenced	Andrew Gray
Notable awards	First Smith's Prize (1845) Royal Medal (1856) Keith Medal (1864) Matteucci Medal (1876) Albert Medal (1879) Copley Medal (1883) John Fritz Medal (1905)
It is believed the "PNP" in his signature stands for "Professor of Natural Philosophy." Note that Kelvin also wrote under the pseudonym "P. Q. R."

William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, OM, GCVO, PC, FRS, FRSE (/ˈkɛlvɪn/; 26 June 1824 – 17 December 1907) was a Scots-Irishmathematical physicist and engineer who was born in Belfast in 1824. At the University of Glasgow he did important work in the mathematical analysis of electricity and formulation of the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and did much to unify the emerging discipline of physics in its modern form. He worked closely with mathematics professor Hugh Blackburn in his work. He also had a career as an electric telegraph engineer and inventor, which propelled him into the public eye and ensured his wealth, fame and honour. For his work on the transatlantic telegraph project he was knighted in 1866 by Queen Victoria, becoming Sir William Thomson. He had extensive maritime interests and was most noted for his work on the mariner's compass, which had previously been limited in reliability.

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