Verman River
| Verman River | |
|---|---|
Verman River
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| Country | Russia |
| Region | Murmansk Oblast |
| Basin features | |
| Main source | Southern slopes of Mount Repotunturi 250 m (820 ft) |
| River mouth | Lake Tolvand 97 m (318 ft) |
| Basin size | 291 km2 (112 sq mi) |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Length | 31 km (19 mi) |
The Verman River (Russian: Верман Река, Finnish: Vermanjoki) is a river in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. For much of the Arctic Campaign of World War II stretches of it formed the front line, and much fighting occurred there.
The river is located in the southwestern part of Murmansk Oblast. It is called the Lower, Middle, and Upper Verman respectively in its lower, middle and upper reaches. Its source is on the southern slopes of Mount Repotunturi, 17 kilometres (11 mi) northeast of the village of Alakurtti. From there the river flows eastward and then, skirting Pogranichnuju Hill, it turns south and empties into the southwestern part of Lake Tolvand (which is part of the Iovskoe Reservoir). The river is 31 kilometres (19 mi) long and has a width of 20–37 metres (66–121 ft), a depth of up to 2 metres (6.6 ft), and a flow rate of 0.3–1.0 metre per second (0.98–3.28 ft/s).
The river flows through a hilly terrain covered with forests of pine, fir, and (in the upper reaches) birch, with the trees up to 12–15 metres (39–49 ft) tall. In some places the river flows through swamps more than 2 metres (6.6 ft) deep. The height of the surrounding hills reaches 400–560 metres (1,310–1,840 ft) in the upper reaches and 320 metres (1,050 ft) at the mouth. The highest hills on the Lower Verman are Vojta (409.4 metres (1,343 ft)), Kruglaja (342 metres (1,122 ft)), Pogranichnaja (366 metres (1,201 ft)), Vojanvara (562 metres (1,844 ft)), and Repotunturi (480 metres (1,570 ft)).
There are heavy rapids in places. Immediately before the mouth is a 1 metre (3.3 ft) waterfall. There are several small unnamed islands in the river, and several relatively small tributaries, not shown on most maps.
There are a few small settlements on the river. In several places there are rail lines and roads, including some all–weather roads. The Murman Railway crosses the Verman just above the mouth. From the late 1940s until 1971 a railway station was located 1 mile (1.6 km) east of the river. A small 18-metre (59 ft) 8–ton capacity bridge is located at the mouth of the river, and just north of there the Alakurtti–Kandalaksha highway crosses the river. At this point there is also a 20-metre (66 ft) 40–ton capacity wooden bridge. Several all–weather roads cross the river upstream, at fords. On the slopes of Pogranichnaja there is a ruined bridge.
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Wikipedia