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Vasyl Shakhrai

Vasyl Shakhrai
Василь Матвійович Шахрай
People's Secretary of Military Affairs
In office
December 24, 1917 – January 12, 1918
Prime Minister Yevgenia Bosch
Preceded by position created
Succeeded by Yuriy Kotsiubynsky
Personal details
Born (1888-02-11)February 11, 1888
near Pyriatyn, Poltava Governorate
Died 1919 (aged 30–31)
?Kuban, Russian Republic
Citizenship Russia, Soviet
Nationality Ukrainian
Political party RSDLP(b) (1913)

Vasyl' Shakhrai (February 11, 1888 – 1919) was a Ukrainian political activist and Soviet revolutionary during the Russian Revolution. He was а founder of what came to be called National Communism

Shakhrai joined the Bolsheviks after completing his training at the Military Academy in Poltava in 1917, while some sources claim that he was already Bolshevik since 1913. He was one of the few Ukrainians amongst the Poltava Bolsheviks. At the time the Bolsheviks were in a unified organisation with the local Mensheviks, but Shakhrai supported Serhii Mazlakh, a Jewish Poltava Bolshevik who successfully ousted the Mensheviks by August 1917.

Shakhrai and Mazlakh were then elected editors of the weekly newspaper. By this time Shakhrai was supporting Ukrainian national interests within the party. Although this caused concern amongst the predominantly Jewish local Mensheviks, he gained support amongst local Bolsheviks, who felt that it helped gain support amongst the largely anti-Russian Ukrainians of the region. Shakhrai was elected as a delegate to both the First All-Ukrainian Consultative Conference of the CP(b)U and the First All Ukrainian Congress of Soviets. He was also appointed the People's Commissar for Military Affairs in the Soviet Ukrainian government. In this capacity he accompanied Trotsky to Brest Litovsk for the treaty negotiations there in March 1918.

He was concerned about the suppression of Ukrainian cultural organizations by Russian Bolshevik troops who were sent to Ukraine in January and February 1918. Lenin consented to the dismemberment of Ukraine through the founding of Donets-Kryvyi Rog as a ruse to place it outside the terms of the Brest Litovsk Treaty. Although this stratagem failed, it further raised concerns for Shakrai as regards to how the Bolsheviks were treating Ukraine. This concern was increased when Lenin gave a speech in November 1918, which called upon party functionaries to consider themselves Russian patriots. By December 1918 his alienation form the Bolsheviks was more or less complete.


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