Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre
| Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre | |
|---|---|
 |
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| President of the Constituent Assembly | |
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In office July 28th 1978 – August 2nd 1979 |
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| Succeeded by | Luis Alberto Sánchez |
| Member of Constituent Assembly | |
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In office July 28th 1978 – August 2nd 1979 |
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| Leader of the Peruvian Aprista Party | |
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In office May 7th 1924 (Worldwide), September 20th 1930 (Peru) – August 2nd 1979 |
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| Succeeded by | Armando Villanueva |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
22 February 1895 Trujillo, Peru |
| Died | 2 August 1979 (aged 84) Lima, Peru |
| Political party | American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA) |
| Residence | Villa Mercedes, Ate District |
| Alma mater | National University of Trujillo, National University of San Marcos, Oxford University, London School of Economics |
| Occupation | Lawyer |
Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre (22 February 1895 – 2 August 1979) was a Peruvian politician, philosopher, and author who founded the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA) political movement, the oldest currently existing political party in Peru.
Haya de la Torre was born in the northern Peruvian city of Trujillo. In 1913, he enrolled in the Universidad Nacional de Trujillo to study literature, where he met and forged a solid friendship with the Peruvian poet César Vallejo. He then enrolled in the National University of San Marcos in Lima.
He was instrumental in bringing the ideas of the Argentine University Reform movement (La Reforma) to San Marcos, and administrative reforms were instituted in 1919. Part of the reform movement was university extension programs, through which the university students hoped to reach the working classes.
To that end, Haya de la Torre founded the Universidades Populares Gonzalez Prada, night schools for workers, which according to some historians formed the foundation for the Partido Aprista Peruano.
As a young man Haya also taught at the Colegio Anglo-Peruano (now Colegio San Andres), a school operated by the Free Church of Scotland in Lima. He was deeply influenced by the headmaster of the school, John A. Mackay, a Free Church missionary.
In 1923 Haya de la Torre was exiled by the government of Augusto B. Leguía. On 7 May 1924, while in Mexico City, Haya de la Torre founded the APRA and the pan-Latin American movement known as Aprismo. He returned to Peru in 1931 to run for president, but was defeated in the election by Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro.
That year, he was imprisoned for 15 months and his party was outlawed until 1934 and then also from 1935 to 1945. In 1945, José Luis Bustamante y Rivero became president with APRA's support. Then, in 1948, some party dissidents revolted in Callao and APRA was again outlawed.
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