Urbs Salvia
Walls of Urbs Salvia-north side
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 Shown within Italy
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| Location | Urbisaglia, Province of Macerata, Marche, Italy |
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| Region | Picenum |
| Coordinates | 43°11′53.3″N 13°23′7.1″E / 43.198139°N 13.385306°ECoordinates: 43°11′53.3″N 13°23′7.1″E / 43.198139°N 13.385306°E |
| Type | Settlement |
| Area | 40 ha (99 acres) |
| History | |
| Founded | 2nd century BC |
| Abandoned | 6th century |
| Periods | Roman Republic - Byzantine Empire |
| Cultures | Ancient Rome |
| Site notes | |
| Condition | Ruined |
| Ownership | Public |
| Management | Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici delle Marche |
| Public access | Yes |
The Archaeological Park of Urbs Salvia is situated in the comune of Urbisaglia (Province of Macerata), in the Marches, Italy. It is the largest archaeological park in the region.
The city, located in the V Regio Picenum, was founded as a colonia during the 2nd century BC.
It was the birthplace of some leading figures of the Roman Empire, such as the consul Gaius Fufius Geminus and Lucius Flavius Silva Nonius Bassus. Urbs Salvia was sacked by the Visigoths in 408-10 AD, and suffered destruction over the years from earthquakes and plundering.
The decadence of the town is described by the poet Dante Alighieri (1265–1321) in his Divine Comedy (Paradiso, XVI, 73-78):
If Luni thou regard, and Urbisaglia,
How they have passed away, and how are passing
Chiusi and Senigallia after them,
To hear how races waste themselves away
Will seem to thee no novel thing nor hard
Seeing that even cities have an end.
The Archaeological Park of Urbs Salvia is exceptional on account of the ease with which the overall building plan can be deciphered.
The itinerary starts at the Archaeological Museum which houses, among other things, epigraphs, statues and portraits that were excavated in Urbisaglia from the middle of the 18th century onwards.
Just outside the medieval city walls, on the highest point of the site, you can find the large reservoir collecting and cleaning the water coming from the Roman Aqueduct of Urbs Salvia.
It was formed by an underground vaulted conduit with lateral walls made of bricks (opus latericium). The ancient aqueduct ran under the top of this hill and was about 1.5 km long. It had a gentle and constant slope so that it could carry water from a spring situated at the opposite side of the present-day Urbisaglia into this structure.
The cisterns consist of two barrel vaulted tunnels connected at both ends, with internal walls covered by hydraulic mortar. The whole structure was built in opus caementicium (Roman mortar). Each tunnel was about 51 m long, 2.90 m wide and 4.10 m high and had a capacity of about 1,000 cubic metres of water.
The reservoir provided the whole town with spring water and it was situated in the highest area inside Urbs Salvia so that it could be powered only by gravity. In the reservoir are still visible:
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Wikipedia