Table: Jhāna-related factors. | ||||
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first jhāna |
second jhāna |
third jhāna |
fourth jhāna |
|
sensuality (kāma), unskillful qualities (akusala dhamma) |
secluded from, withdrawn |
|||
applied thought (vitakka) |
accom- panies jhāna |
stilled | ||
sustained thought (vicāra) |
||||
rapture (pīti) |
seclusion- born; pervades body |
samādhi- born; pervades body |
fades away (as does distress) |
|
pleasure (sukha) |
pervades physical body |
aban- doned (as is pain) |
||
pure, mindful equanimity (upekkhā- sati- pārisuddhi) |
[internal confidence, mental unification] |
equani- mous, mindful |
mindfull; neither pleasure nor pain |
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Table's sources:
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Upekkhā (in Pali: upekkhā उपेक्खा; Sanskrit: upekṣā उपेक्षा), is the Buddhist concept of equanimity. As one of the Brahma Vihara (meditative states), it is a pure mental state cultivated on the Buddhist path to nirvāna.
In the Pali Canon and post-canonical commentary, upekkha is identified as an important step in one's spiritual development in a number of places:
Ataraxia and apatheia are similar terms in Greek philosophy.
American Buddhist monk Bhikkhu Bodhi wrote: