Ugo Cavallero
| Ugo Cavallero | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born | 20 September 1880 Casale Monferrato, Piedmont, Italy |
| Died | 13 September 1943 (aged 62) Frascati, Lazio, Italy |
| Allegiance |
 Kingdom of Italy
|
| Service/branch |
 Royal Italian Army
|
| Years of service | 1900–1943 |
| Rank | Marshal of Italy |
| Commands held | Chief of the Defence Staff |
| Battles/wars |
Italo-Turkish War World War I World War II |
| Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |
Ugo Cavallero (20 September 1880 – 13 September 1943) was an Italian military commander before and during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, awarded by the Third Reich to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.
Born in Casale Monferrato, Piedmont, Cavallero had a privileged childhood as a member of the Italian nobility.
After attending military school, Cavallero was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in 1900.
Cavallero later attended college and graduated in 1911, earning a degree in mathematics.
Still in the army, Cavallero fought in Libya in 1913, during the Italo-Turkish War, and was awarded a Bronze Medal for Military Valor.
In 1915, Cavallero was transferred to the Italian Supreme Command. A brilliant organizer and tactician, Cavallero became a Brigadier General and Chief of the Operations Office of the Italian Supreme Command in 1918. In this capacity, Cavallero was instrumental in forming plans that led to Italian victories at Piave and Vittorio Veneto during World War I. During his time as chief of the plan of Italian General Staff, he developed an antipathy with Pietro Badoglio, the Sottocapo di Stato Maggiore ( vice chief of the staff ) of the army.
Cavallero retired from the army in 1919 but later rejoined in 1925, at which time he became Benito Mussolini’s Undersecretary of War. A committed fascist, Cavallero was made a senator in 1926 and in 1927 became a major general. After leaving the army for a second time, Cavallero became involved in business and diplomatic enterprises throughout the late 1920s and early 1930s.
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