Udmurt ASSR
| Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic | ||||||||||
| Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic | ||||||||||
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| Capital | Izhevsk | |||||||||
| Political structure | Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic | |||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Established | 1934 | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 1990 | ||||||||
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The Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Udmurt: Удмурт Автономной Советской Социалистической Республика Udmurt Avtonomnoj Sovetskoj Socialistićeskoj Respublika;Russian: Удмуртская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика,Udmurtskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika) was an autonomous republic of the Soviet Union, named after the Udmurt people. It was formed on 4 November 1920 as the Votyak Autonomous Oblast ("Votyak" is an obsolete name for Udmurts, "Vot" being the obsolete name for Udmurt people) and renamed as the Udmurt Autonomous Oblast in 1932. On 28 December 1934, the oblast was renamed the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, but did not become a full member of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic until 1936.
In 1937, the Constitution of Udmurtia was created and the Supreme Soviet of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic gained power. The Supreme Council of Udmurtia declared state sovereignty on 20 September 1990 and the Udmurt ASSR was renamed as the Udmurt Republic on 11 October 1991.
On 27 October 1917, the Bolsheviks gained power in Izhevsk and established a territorial government. The First Congress resolved to join the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in June 1918. In April 1919, Udmurtia was seized by Alexander Kolchak. The Red Army removed Kolchak from power 2 months later, in June 1919. In 1920, the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR established the Votskaya Autonomous Region. In 1932, the Votskaya Autonomous Region was renamed the Udmurt Autonomous Region. On 27 February 1921 the first Regional Communist Conference declared the territory to be an autonomous region.
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