USS Sturgeon (SS-187)

History
Builder:	Mare Island Naval Shipyard
Laid down:	27 October 1936
Launched:	15 March 1938
Commissioned:	25 June 1938
Decommissioned:	15 November 1945
Struck:	30 April 1948
Fate:	Sold for scrap, 12 June 1948
General characteristics
Class and type:	Salmon-class composite diesel-hydraulic and diesel-electric submarine
Displacement:	1,435 long tons (1,458 t) standard, surfaced 2,198 long tons (2,233 t) submerged
Length:	308 ft 0 in (93.88 m)
Beam:	26 ft 1 1⁄4 in (7.957 m)
Draft:	15 ft 8 in (4.78 m)
Propulsion:	4 × General Motors Model 16-248 V16 diesel engines (two hydraulic-drive, two driving electrical generators) 2 × 120-cell batteries 4 × high-speed Elliott electric motors with reduction gears two shafts 5,500 shp (4.1 MW) surfaced 2,660 shp (2.0 MW) submerged
Speed:	21 knots (39 km/h) surfaced 9 knots (17 km/h) submerged
Range:	11,000 nautical miles (20,000 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h)
Endurance:	48 hours at 2 knots (3.7 km/h) submerged
Test depth:	250 ft (76 m)
Complement:	5 officers, 54 enlisted
Armament:	8 × 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes  (four forward, four aft)  24 torpedoes 1 × 3-inch (76 mm) / 50 caliber deck gun four machine guns

USS Sturgeon (SS-187), a Salmon-class submarine, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the sturgeon. Its 1944 sinking of the Japanese troopship Toyama Maru, killing more than 5,000 Japanese, was one of the worst maritime disasters in history, and its 1942 sinking of the prisoner ship Montevideo Maru was one of the worst for the nation of Australia.

Her keel was laid down on 27 October 1936 by the Mare Island Navy Yard. She was launched on 15 March 1938 sponsored by Mrs. Alice N. Freeman, wife of Charles S. Freeman, Commander, Submarine Force, United States Fleet at the time. The boat was commissioned on 25 June 1938 with Lieutenant Commander A. D. Barnes in command.

Sturgeon completed builder's trials in Monterey Bay and began her shakedown cruise on 15 October, visiting ports in Mexico, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Ecuador, and Costa Rica before returning to San Diego, on 12 December 1938. She was assigned to Submarine Squadron (SubRon) 6 and operated along the West Coast as far north as Washington. She made two squadron cruises to Hawaii with the Pacific Fleet: from 1 July to 16 August 1939 and from 1 April to 12 July 1940. The submarine departed San Diego on 5 November 1940 for Pearl Harbor and operated from there until November 1941.

Sturgeon stood out of Pearl Harbor on 10 November, headed for the Philippine Islands, and arrived at Manila Bay on 22 November. She was then attached to SubRon 2, Submarine Division (SubDiv) 22, United States Asiatic Fleet.

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