Turksat (satellite)
Turksat is the name of a series of Turkish communications satellites operated or projected by the Türksat A.Ş..
Satellite telecommunication is provided by the Gölbaşı Ground Station in Ankara.
Turksat 1A was the first attempt of the project and launched by Ariane 4 from Centre Spatial Guyanais in Kourou, French Guiana on January 24, 1994.
Due to the failure of the launcher, the satellite exploded in the air before reaching its orbit.
After the loss of Turksat 1A, Turksat 1B was successfully located at 42°E orbit on August 11, 1994. After the orbital tests Turksat 1B was put into service on October 10, 1994.
Turksat 1B has three different coverage areas, Turkey, Central Europe and Central Asia. The satellite carries 16 transponders, 10 of 36 MHz, 6 of 72 MHz operating in Ku band (11–14 GHz). There are 4 transponder switching capability between Turkey and Central Europe, and 3 between Turkey and Central Asia.
Turksat 1B provides TV and radio broadcasting, data and telephone transmissions. On the other hand, TES (Telephony Earth Station) Project and Internet Broadcasting Systems (including 40 southeast rural area IBS) are also transmitting from Türksat 1B.
After the Turksat 1A launch failure, Aérospatiale Company started building a new satellite under the insurance terms of the turnkey system contract. Modifying the contract with Aérospatiale, Turksat 1C coverage area was enlarged by two big zones different from Turksat 1B coverage areas.
Turksat 1C was designed for covering Turkey on west spot and Europe on east spot so as to serve simultaneously between Turkey and Europe with Turkey and Central Asia and to provide direct connection between Europe and Central Asia.
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