Triomphe d'Alsace

Triomphe d'Alsace
Grape (Vitis)
Triomphe d'Alsace grapes growing in characteristic small bunches at Wolverhampton, England
Color of berry skin	Black
Also called	319-1 Kuhlmann, Triomphe
Notable regions	England, Netherlands
Notable wines	English and Dutch reds and rosés
Ideal soil	Most
Wine characteristics
General	Light tannins
Cool climate	Raspberry, blackberry

Triomphe d'Alsace is a black grape variety of Franco-German origin, commonly grown in the United Kingdom.

Triomphe d'Alsace was produced by Eugène Kuhlmann from about 1911 at the Institut Viticole Oberlin at Colmar in Alsace, then a part of Germany. First he crossed the American River Bank Grape, Vitis riparia with another American species, the Bush Grape, Vitis rupestris. The resultant hybrid was then crossed with Goldriesling, a variety of the wine grape, Vitis vinifera, developed about twenty years earlier by Christian Oberlin. From a similar set of crosses came range of sibling varieties like Lucie Kuhlmann, Léon Millot, Marechal Foch, Maréchal Joffre, Pinard, Etoile I and Etoile II.

The variety was not brought to market until 1921, by which time Alsace had been restored to France following World War I.

The Triomphe d'Alsace vine is fairly vigorous and very robust, growing rapidly even in cool climates. The leaves are not deeply indented and can grow to a very large size, producing a dense canopy which has to be thinned to promote ripening and to suppress mildew. They become very tough and leathery with age, although they can be stuffed and eaten when young. The grapes are generally small and grow in a profusion of small bunches. They ripen early, and often suddenly, even in cool and damp summers, although harvest may have to be postponed as late as October. Good crops are possible at least in the Midlands and North of England, and still further north in favourable situations. However, the variety is not so robust against disease and can suffer from mildew if the autumn is exceptionally wet.

In England, the vines need to be pruned hard in the winter to keep them under control, as they will grow to great size if not cut back. It is important to prune while growth is completely absent, as the stems bleed sap profusely once the growing season begins.